biodiesel fuel Articles
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Exergetic cost analysis and sustainability assessment of an Internal Combustion Engine
This study deals with exergy cost analysis and sustainability assessment of a diesel engine, which runs with diesel no. 2 and two different biodiesel fuels at 1400 1/min test speed. Maximum total cost per exergy flow input rate and total exergy cost are found to be 12.5549 $/kW•year and 1728.312 $/year for one of the biodiesel fuels, respectively, while minimum values of these costs are ...
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Empirical approach for the prediction of cetane number from the FAME composition
Cetane number is a prime indicator in evaluating the quality of biodiesel fuel in the realm of diesel engines. Standards have been established world wide for cetane number determination, for example, ASTM D 613 in the USA, internationally, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standard ISO 5165, etc. These methods are usually arduous and expensive; the values obtained are ...
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New Jersey Clarifies Definition Of Biofuels For Motor Fuel Tax Act Exemptions
On August 10, 2015, Governor Chris Christie (R-NJ) signed into law S.B. 2599/A-4121, an act concerning the definition of certain fuels and amending P.L.2010, c.22. The legislation clarifies New Jersey's Motor Fuel Tax Act exemptions to include biofuels made from recycled grease, plants, and animal fats. In addition, biobased liquid fuel and biodiesel fuel are now defined as renewable biomass. The ...
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Effects of nanoparticle-blended water?biodiesel emulsion fuel on working characteristics of a diesel engine
An experimental investigation is carried out to establish the performance, emission and combustion characteristics of a diesel engine using jatropha biodiesel, jatropha biodiesel emulsion fuel (5% of water, 93% of biodiesel, 2% of surfactants) and alumina-nanoparticles-blended jatropha biodiesel emulsion fuels. The nanoparticles are mixed with the biodiesel emulsion fuel in the mass fractions of ...
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Experimental investigation of bio-diesel droplet ignition
In this work, the ignition delay of bio-diesel and its blends with diesel at one atmosphere pressure and at 900°C temperature has been studied. The results are compared to those for diesel oil. Specifically, the suspended fuel droplet was inserted into a hot furnace containing atmospheric air at temperatures, which varied from 600–900°C. The fuel droplet was suspended on the fine wire of diameter ...
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Guide to Measuring Biofuel Blending
As the global commitment to renewable energy sources grows, the importance of using biodiesel as a blending component with diesel fuel has increased. Biodiesel consists of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) which are produced by the transesterification of certain feedstock oils, such as soy, rapeseed, canola, and others. The biodiesel is then blended with diesel fuel at amounts required by the ...
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In situ transesterification of non–edible oil in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide
In situ transesterification of Jatropha curcas l. seed with base catalysed alcohol in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTMAB) as phase transfer catalyst (PTC) was investigated. The yield of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) increased from 49.7 w% to 89.2 w% in the presence of CTMAB as PTC at 240 minutes of reaction time. Similarly, the yield of fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE) ...
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Technical note: An approximate examination of the effects of esterification on the EROEI of biodiesel fuels
Heat balance calculations on esterification of plant oil to make biodiesel are performed using recently published information from a laboratory reactor. It is concluded that such energy is relatively small and that attempts to improve the EROEI of biodiesels should not focus on the esterification process. [Received: January 8, 2009; Accepted: September 25, 2009]Keywords: biodiesel, ...
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Investigation of fatty acid methyl esters in jet fuel
Sustainable aviation fuels research has considerable momentum in efforts lead by government, academia and industry. Environmentally sound domestic fuels allow significant benefits, while also creating some challenges due to their novelty. One of these challenges is the cross contamination of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) in biodiesel with jet fuels. It was suspected that sharing the same supply ...
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Experimental investigations on diethyl ether as fuel additive in biodiesel engine
In this work, biodiesel (methyl esters) is produced from unrefined rubber seed oil by two-step transesterification process. Biodiesel engines are prone to cold-starting problems in winter seasons and emit more nitrogen oxides. To overcome these problems, diethyl ether is used as a fuel additive for biodiesel. The lower percentage addition of diethyl ether with biodiesel improves the engine ...
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Optimum reaction time, performance and exhaust emissions of biodiesel produced by microwave irradiation
While transesterification is well established, there remain considerable inefficiencies in existing transesterification processes. In this study an alternative energy stimulant, ‘‘microwave irradiation’’ was used for the production of the alternative energy source, biodiesel. The optimum parametric conditions obtained from the conventional technique were applied using microwave irradiation in ...
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Combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a DI CI engine using biodiesel with varied fatty acid composition
Five Biodiesel produced from different vegetable oils were tested on a diesel engine to study the effect of biodiesel fatty acid composition specifically unsaturated composition on the engine combustion. The results from fuel analysis show that biodiesel (93% unsaturated fatty acid ester composition) with 55% linolenic ester has a higher density of 0.89 kg/m³, lower viscosity of 3.8 cSt, heating ...
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Master Limited Partnership Parity Act reintroduced to house and senate
On June 24, 2015, the Master Limited Partnership Parity Act (S. 1656) was reintroduced in the House and the Senate. The legislation would provide investors in renewable energy projects with tax breaks that are currently available to investors in fossil fuel-based energy projects. A master limited partnership is taxed as a partnership, but ownership interests are traded like corporate stock, thus ...
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Making biodiesel blends fuel is simple
Biodiesel is made in the process of transesterification of vegetable oil by methanol, although sometimes ethanol or isopropyl alcohol are used instead. The ration is approximately 200 kg of methanol per 1 ton of oil (plus potassium or sodium hydroxide). Process temperature is approximately 60°С, no pressure increase is required. After the transesterification reaction, the content of ...
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China biodiesel industry encourages foreign investments
On January 23, 2015, China's National Energy Administration issued a biodiesel industry development plan (available in Chinese) to improve the biodiesel sector. The plan encouraged the production of cleaner fuels as well as the use of renewable fuels by promoting foreign companies' participation in the industry; mergers, acquisitions, and restructuring of domestic biodiesel companies; and fuel ...
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Performance and emission characteristics of methyl ester from non–edible oils in a DI diesel engine with additive and advance injection
The main objective of this investigation was to study the use of neat methyl esters in DI diesel engine experimentally. Preparation of methyl esters were from non–edible oils of Jatropha curcus, Pongamia pinnata and neem (Azadirachta indica) using transestrification process. The results of the use of neat methyl esters without any modification in the engine parameters and fuel shows reduced ...
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Biodiesel fuel for transportation: Status and issues in the United States
The United States consumed 3.39 billion barrels of gasoline, 1.54 billion barrels of diesel fuel, and 0.59 billion barrels of jet fuel in 2007. And it currently imports 3.66 billion barrels of oil and petroleum products per year, 65% of US consumption, compared to 1.71 billion barrels (or 36%) 20 years ago. To address the growing gap between petroleum consumption and domestic production, the US ...
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Assessment of fuel efficiency of neem biodiesel (Azadirachta indica) in a single cylinder diesel engine
Increase of petroleum diesel usage and its environmental pollution necessitate the study of alternate fuel production. Vegetable oils are the viable alternate form of non–polluted, renewable fuel to diesel engines. In this work, the non–edible oil, neem (Azadirachta indica) was used to produce biodiesel by a two step transesterification process. The fuel properties of the biodiesel thus produced ...
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Additional language introduced to be attached to the alternative fuel tax credit
On March 26, 2015, Representative Todd Young (R-IN) introduced H.R. 1665, the Alternative Fuel Tax Parity Act, to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to equalize the excise tax on liquefied natural gas (LNG) and liquefied petroleum gas (propane). This legislation would attach federal tax parities for LNG and propane to the Alternative Fuel Tax Credit (AFTC) that currently covers alternative ...
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Environmental impact of using biodiesel as fuel in transportation: a review
The environmental pollution and global warming associated with the use of fossil fuels, has forced a search for alternative fuels in transportation. This paper presents a review of the use of biodiesel in CI engines and its environmental impacts. There is a significant reduction in the emission of unburned hydrocarbons, polyaromatic hydrocarbons and soot, particulate matters, carbon monoxide, ...
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