cogeneration Articles
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Code Project - Case Study
CODE and CODE 2 are EU co-funded projects examining and encouraging the rapid and effective implementation the CHP Directive. CODE is an EU wide independent assessment of the progress of the CHP Directive. The project partners and the COGEN Europe members will encourage the rapid and effective implementation of the Directive and independently review the Member States’ progress and the ...
By COGEN Europe
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Exergy optimisation of a Brayton cycle-based cogeneration plant
An endoreversible Brayton cycle-based cogeneration plant has been optimised based on the dimensionless total exergy output rate criterion with a constraint on power-to-heat ratio. An optimal pressure ratio parameter and the maximum dimensionless total exergy output rate have been numerically determined. The optimisation results have been compared with those based on the total useful energy rate ...
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Thermal exergy optimisation for an irreversible cogeneration power plant
The optimal design model, based on exergy analysis, of an irreversible cogeneration cycle has been presented using finite-time thermodynamics. The external irreversibility is due to the thermal resistance between the system and the heat reservoirs while the internal irreversibility is due to the non-isentropic compression and expansion process within the system. The internal irreversibility of ...
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An exergy-based method for allocating carbon dioxide emissions from cogeneration systems
Many companies, government agencies and researchers have sought means to allocate emissions for cogeneration systems. Some work has been carried out in this area, but the results obtained thus far are not universally accepted, and often are inconsistent, overly complex and difficult to use, and not based on sound reasoning. In this paper, an exergy-based method for allocating emissions for ...
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Exergoeconomic optimisation of a Kalina cycle for power generation
It is shown that the use of an ammonia-water Kalina absorption power cycle as a bottoming cycle for a cogeneration plant may result in an economic advantage. This cycle was optimised using as a goal function the exergoeconomic unitary cost of the electricity produced by both the cogeneration plant and the absorption cycle. The Zoutendijk method of feasible directions was used for this ...
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Novel cogeneration cost-sharing mechanism for energy savings and emission reduction in China
Cogeneration can improve the efficiency of energy utilisation, improve energy savings and reduce carbon emission. However, China currently suffers unreasonable cogeneration pricing and cost sharing, which has seriously hampered the development of cogeneration power plants. Based on the production process of cogeneration, this paper analyses the principles of thermoelectric cogeneration and energy ...
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Qualifying Combined Heat and Power (CHP) activity
The EU 2002 draft and 2004 final CHP Directives propose qualifying CHP activity with the quality norm. This norm benchmarks the energy efficiency of CHP plant outputs on external reference power and heat efficiencies. Because the quality norm amalgamates cogeneration and condensing activity its application entails particular perverse effects for high-quality and adapted scale investment in CHP ...
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SOKRATHERM CHP unit started operation in Buenos Aires
The capitals of Argentina and Germany, Buenos Aires and Berlin, have started a city partnership in 1994 and decided to strenghten their relation with a climate partnership in 2012. This climate partnerhsip started by exchanging information in the energy sector with a focus on best practices. One result was that numerous hospitals in Buenos Aires have a high specific energy consumption but none ...
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Sensitivity analysis of component efficiencies on performance of a gas turbine cogeneration system
The performance of a 1000 kW gas-turbine cogeneration system was evaluated in terms of performance measures, such as net power, exergy efficiency of the system, and the unit costs of electricity and steam. The efficiencies of some components that have a significant affect on the performance were taken as physical variables. Sensitivity was evaluated by introducing parameters, defined as the ratio ...
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A real options–based approach in guaranteed energy savings contracting
The full development of the energy services company (ESCO) industry is still inhibited by the difficulties during the negotiation between customers and ESCOs. Contractual arrangements are traditionally based on energy performance contracting (EPC). Improvements on EPC schemes are required in order to achieve the success of the negotiation. This work focuses on a particular type of EPC, named ...
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Thermodynamic and thermoeconomic comparison of combined cycle cogeneration systems
In this paper, several configurations of combined cycle cogeneration systems are investigated by energy, exergy and thermoeconomic analyses. In each of these configurations, varying steam demand is considered rather than fixed steam demand. Among the different approaches for thermoeconomic analysis in the literature, the specific exergy costing method is applied. Since the systems have more than ...
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Environment risk and cogeneration in China: the case of Zibo Huantai district
With the economic development, the environment protection problems become more and more serious and the environment protection deterioration risk has been exacerbated in Zibo City, China. Many small heating boilers are used to supply heat in Huantai district of Zibo, which have low efficiency of energy consumption and cause serious pollution. With the analysis of the thermal power demand and ...
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Effect of exergy optimisation on a cogeneration system's CO2 emissions according to different demand patterns
The objective of this work is to verify how different operational strategies affect the CO2 emissions of a cogeneration system according to different demand patterns. The operation strategies studied were focused in running cost and exergetic efficiency. The results show that the optimal exergetic efficiency strategy generated the highest emissions reduction. The operation with the highest ...
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Thermodynamic assessment of an integrated system for cogeneration and district heating and cooling
A thermodynamic assessment is reported of a proposed system, for which advanced engineering designs have been developed for integrating cogeneration with district heating and cooling. The system was developed by Edmonton Power for the city of Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Energy and exergy analyses are used to attain a more complete thermodynamic understanding. The results provide a better ...
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Energy efficiency and sustainable development
The role of increased energy efficiency in achieving sustainable development is investigated. Specifically, the relations are examined between energy (and energy efficiency) and sustainable development. Also, the linkages are discussed between energy efficiency and environmental impact, and the theoretical and practical limitations on increased energy efficiency are described, particularly as ...
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Separation of CO2 during combustion of coal in a pressurised fluidised bed
The combustion of coal is accompanied by CO2 emissions. This carbon dioxide can be separated from the flue gases in the Combustion Chamber (CC) by means of adsorption on calcium oxide (carbonation) which in turn can be regenerated in a calcination process. A description of the processes and the integration in a whole power station that serves a district heating network and generates electricity ...
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Quantifying Combined Heat and Power (CHP) activity
In CHP plants without heat rejection facilities power, output is complementary to the recovery of heat, and all activity is cogeneration. CHP plants with heat rejection facilities can operate a mix of cogeneration and condensing activities. Quantifying the energy flows of both activities properly requires knowledge of the design power-to-heat ratios of the CHP processes (steam and gas turbines, ...
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Assessment of micro-cogeneration potential for domestic trigeneration
Cogeneration is worldwide considered as the major option to achieve considerable energy saving with respect to traditional systems. This paper deals with the application of micro-cogeneration, Micro-Combined Heat and Power (MCHP) (electrical power Keywords: micro cogeneration, internal combustion, experimental tests, MCHP, micro combined heat and power, CHP, electric heat pumps, EHP, energetic ...
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The effect of elevated inlet air temperature and relative humidity on Gas Turbine cogeneration system: exergy assessment
This research aims to quantify the exergy destructions of Gas Turbine (GT) cogeneration system under different inlet air temperatures and humidity. Three different cogeneration schemes were examined in this research: conventional GT, GT-Single Pressure HRSG and GT-Dual Pressure HRSG. A parametric study was carried out in terms of exergy destruction and second-law efficiency. The exergy ...
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Exergy analysis of a cogeneration system through Artificial Neural Network (ANN) method
The main objective of this study is to apply the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) method to a cogeneration system, located in Izmir, Turkey, for exergetic evaluation purposes. The data used are based on the actual operational conditions and the results obtained from this system, which was exergetically analysed by the authors. It consists of three turbines with a total capacity of 13 MW, six spray ...
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