combustion engineering Articles
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Pragmatic Efficiency Limits for Internal Combustion Engines
This article gives an overview of the thermodynamic principles demonstrating that the maximum efficiency theoretically possible with a hydrocarbon fueled internal combustion engine is one hundred percent. From this basis the focus turns to articulating irreversibilities that naturally occur within the processes of converting the chemical energy in the fuel into shaft work. These losses are ...
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Stationary Compression and Spark Ignition Internal Combustion Engine Rule Revisions Proposed
Stationary Compression and Spark Ignition Internal Combustion Engine Rule Revisions Proposed On May 21, 2010, U.S. EPA proposed amendments to 40 CFR Part 60, Subparts IIII (Standards of Performance for Stationary Compression Ignition Internal Combustion Engines) and Subpart JJJJ (Standards of Performance for Stationary Spark Ignition Internal Combustion Engines). The proposed rule would make ...
By All4 Inc.
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Cleaner bus traffic by minimizing exhaust gases
Customer: Kabus Challenge: Bus manufacturer Kabus wanted to reduce the discharge of exhaust gases and the consumption of fuel of their vehicles. Solution: A hybrid bus which combines an electric motor and a combustion engine. Key benefits: 30% reduction in fuel consumption, 30% reduction in exhaust gases. Due to the lighter structure of the bus, even reductions up to 45% can be expected when ...
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Experimental study of the effect of top-ring clearance volume on unburned hydrocarbon concentrations
The clearance volume between the piston, the cylinder and the top compression ring in an internal combustion engine has a significant effect on the unburned hydrocarbon concentration. The high heat transfer from the burning mixture to the cylinder surface extinguishes the flame front, and this is the main reason for increased unburned hydrocarbon concentrations. The heat transfer between the ...
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Decomposition method as a new type of second law analysis of the combustion process of internal combustion engines
The method presented in this paper gives not only the availability loss in each elementary step of the whole process in the engine, but also an insight into how big is the part of burnt fuel available during an elementary piston motion, something which cannot even theoretically be realised as pΔV work. This method is based on decomposition of a complex real process to so–called elementary ...
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Determination of optimum speed of an internal combustion engine by exergy analysis
In this study, energy and exergy analysis are applied to the experimental data of an internal combustion engine operating on the conventional Otto cycle. The data are collected using an engine test unit which enables accurate measurements of fuel flow rate, combustion air flow rate, engine load, engine speed and all the relevant temperatures. Energy and exergy efficiencies are calculated for ...
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Developments in Auxiliary Power for Vehicles
Fuel cells are widely recognised as a technology of the future and as a potential replacement for the internal combustion engine in cars and other vehicles.This article looks at the potential for fuel cells to provide auxiliary power to vehicles, rather than primary motive power. Today, hydrogen-fuelled proton exchange membrane (PEM) type fuel cells, as illustrated in Figure 1, are ...
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Improved driveability of a hybrid electric vehicle using powertrain control
Hybridisation of vehicles is not only equivalent to improved energy efficiency and reduced emissions. In this paper, the additional degree-of-freedom introduced by electrifying the propulsion system of a vehicle is used for improving driveability. The vehicle in focus is a truck with an electric machine integrated into the engine's flywheel, a so-called integrated starter–alternator, that ...
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Decomposition method as a new type of second law analysis of the combustion process of internal combustion engines
The method presented in this paper gives not only the availability loss in each elementary step of the whole process in the engine, but also an insight into how big is the part of burnt fuel available during an elementary piston motion, something which cannot even theoretically be realised as pΔV work. This method is based on decomposition of a complex real process to so-called elementary ...
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New level of engine simulation – Siemens portfolio expansion supports modeling of combustion engines
Siemens Digital Industries Software is expanding its Simcenter Star-CCM+ simulation software with a new version that can be used for combustion engine modeling. With the new version of the software for the simulation of products and designs, engineers can use new physical models to optimize the realism and fidelity of their simulations. In addition, the new version now also offers the hotly ...
By Siemens AG
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A diesel compound HCCI combustion engine based on injection strategy control
This paper presents a compound combustion technology of "Premixed Combustion" and "Lean Diffusion Combustion" for the purpose of realising the concept of homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion in a DI diesel engine. The premixed combustion is achieved by the technology of multi-pulse fuel injection. The start of pulse injection, injection-pulse number, injection period of each ...
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Development and characterisation of small-scale rotary engines
This paper describes the development and characterisation of small-scale rotary engines with displacements in the range of 781500 mm for portable applications in the range of 10200 W of power output. Small-scale combustion engines present a number of research challenges including manufacturing tolerances, sealing, thermal management, ignition, combustion efficiency and porting. Four engines have ...
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Energy and exergy analyses of a spark-ignition engine
In this paper, the performance of an internal combustion engine is evaluated at the steady-state condition by application of energy and exergy analysis using the experimental test results. The energy and exergy balances are calculated at different engine speeds. The results show that the heat rejection of energy and exergy flow increases with increasing engine speed. The exergy efficiencies are ...
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Performance evaluation of a hydrogen-ethanol fuelled engine
The work presented in the paper is an attempt to evaluate the performance characteristics of a hydrogen?ethanol dual fuel combination with different percentage substitutions of hydrogen (i.e. 0-80% with an increment of 20% by volume) at three different compression ratios of 7:1, 9:1 and 11:1 with varying equivalence ratios. In the present study, experimental investigations have been carried out ...
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Hydrogen energy for the transportation sector in China
Hydrogen is a promising energy carrier for providing a clean, reliable and affordable energy supply. This paper provides a blueprint for the hydrogen energy in the transportation sector in the future of China. This paper is divided into three parts. The first part answers this question: why is China interested in hydrogen energy? The second part describes the possibility of a hydrogen fuel cell ...
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Exergetic cost analysis and sustainability assessment of an Internal Combustion Engine
This study deals with exergy cost analysis and sustainability assessment of a diesel engine, which runs with diesel no. 2 and two different biodiesel fuels at 1400 1/min test speed. Maximum total cost per exergy flow input rate and total exergy cost are found to be 12.5549 $/kW•year and 1728.312 $/year for one of the biodiesel fuels, respectively, while minimum values of these costs are ...
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Evaluating advanced automotive energy technologies: a multivariate mobility contribution metric
Mobility technology is beginning to shift from gasoline-fuelled, internal combustion engines to a variety of alternate fuels and powertrains, including hybrid and fuel cell vehicles. The benefits and/or limitations of many of these technologies are not well characterised by a simple fuel economy metric: mobility is a complex system requiring a multivariate systems measure, especially ...
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Quantifying Combined Heat and Power (CHP) activity
In CHP plants without heat rejection facilities power, output is complementary to the recovery of heat, and all activity is cogeneration. CHP plants with heat rejection facilities can operate a mix of cogeneration and condensing activities. Quantifying the energy flows of both activities properly requires knowledge of the design power-to-heat ratios of the CHP processes (steam and gas turbines, ...
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Power management policies and control of hybrid electric vehicle
With increasing concern over the environment and ever-stringent emission regulations, the use of hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is being investigated as an alternative form of transportation. A hybrid vehicle combines the advantages of an electric drive and an internal combustion engine. This paper proposes the necessary hardware and software needed for an effective control of the electrical part ...
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Exergetic performance investigation of a turbocharged stationary diesel engine
An exergetic assessment is reported of a turbocharged stationary diesel engine with a power output of about 19 MW. The system studied consists of a diesel engine, a turbine, a compressor, an intercooler and a radiator. The sites of exergy destructions are identified and quantified and the exergy efficiencies of various components are determined. The effects of inlet air temperature and pressure ...
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