energy distribution Articles
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TIPS: Test-Bench for Ion Source Plasma Studies
TIPS (Test-bench for Ion Source Plasma Studies) is a 2.45 GHz Hydrogen Electron Cyclotron Resonance (ECR) plasma generator designed to be used as a flexible device to study the relationship between the engineering design of the source and the physical parameters of the generated plasma [1-5]. In many occasions, ECR plasma generators are used in ion sources for multiple applications both in ...
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Benchmarking as a strategic policy tool for energy management
In this paper, we analyse to what extent benchmarking is a valuable tool in strategic energy policy analysis. First, the theory on benchmarking is concisely presented, e.g., by discussing the benchmark wheel and the benchmark path. Next, some results of surveys among business firms are presented. To offer a more detailed analysis of the scope and potential of benchmarking, results are presented ...
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Grid Connected Renewable Energy and Distributed Generation Partnerships
The objective of this project is to facilitate the deployment of renewable energy and distributed generation technology in India by identifying barriers to deploying renewable energy and distributed generation, and creating strategies for overcoming these barriers. This project will include a peer assessment, site visits in various APP Partner countries, and workshops. A handbook outlining best ...
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Measuring and Control of Ion Flux-Energy Distribution Functions
Ion-surface interaction plays a key role in several technological plasma applications such as physical and chemical sputtering, thin film deposition, surface modification, or ion implantation. For a systematic investigation of ion-induced changes in surface properties, a controllable, monoenergetic ion flux to the surface is required. To allow for surface treatments of conducting and ...
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China's spatial-temporal pattern of population and energy
Irregular development among regions is one of the fundamental realities of China, especially in social and economic progress. Moreover, there is no exception in the development of population and energy. In this paper, we explore the characteristics of the seven most prominent patterns of regional population?energy development distribution. Furthermore, analysis is made of problems associated with ...
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Monte Carlo characterisation of irradiation positions of the CENM TRIGA MARK II research reactor using MCNP5
The knowledge of neutron flux distribution in different parts of the research reactor is very important both for the design of experiments and for the reactor safety. Knowing the neutron flux profiles, reactor operators can optimise the irradiation conditions and select the positions most adaptable to the desired applications. Transport calculations can often give useful information about the ...
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An optimal energy allocation model using fuzzy linear programming for energy planning in India for the year 2020
Development of an energy allocation model will help in the proper allocation of the energy sources in meeting the future energy demand in India. In this paper, an attempt has been made to develop a fuzzy-based linear programming optimal energy model that minimises the cost and determines the optimum allocation of different energy sources for the centralised and decentralised power generation in ...
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Off-grid photovoltaic power generation solutions beyond expectations
Navigant Research, an American clean energy technology research institution, recently released a global off-grid distributed energy (DER) technology market research report, stating that the global off-grid distributed energy technology market scale from 2018 to 2027 has accumulated to nearly 350 billion US dollars. The report pointed out that in the next decade, the global off-grid distributed ...
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Integrated framework for energy loss allocation in electric distribution systems under liberalised energy markets
This paper discusses an integrated framework for cost allocation of energy losses of electric distribution systems under liberalised energy markets. As key contribution is developed an allocation strategy based upon Locational and Uniform Incremental Prices. The locational incremental prices send efficient economical signals to distributed generators with incentives for loss minimisation and ...
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Solar powered mini steam power plant: a simulation approach
The solar powered steam power plant is a mini power plant that is meant to generate power at the location of the consumer hence playing a pivotal role in distributed power generation. This plant will also have a huge impact on the environment as it utilises the sun's energy, making it eco–friendly and reducing its impact on the environment by reducing the amount of fossil fuel consumption. In ...
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Privatisation of the Brazilian electricity industry: opportunities and pitfalls
In the early 1990s, Brazil started a debate about the role of the state in the economy in general, and the energy sector in particular. A major privatisation process of state assets began in which energy, and in particular the electricity utilities, were earmarked for special attention, given their monopolistic structure and perceived low productivity and inefficiency. Thus, the privatisation of ...
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On the probabilistic distribution of wind speeds: theoretical development and comparison with data
The probabilistic distributions of wind speed are a critical piece of information needed in the assessment of wind-energy potential, and have been conventionally described by various empirical correlations. Among the empirical correlations, the Weibull distribution has been most popular due to its ability to fit most accurately the variety of wind-speed data measured at different geographical ...
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Development of Economic Indices for Renewable Energies and Distributed Generation in the Asia-Pacific Region
Renewable energies are gaining their market share, reflecting on improved economic feasibility; however, most renewable energies, except for wind, hydro, and biomass, are still costly energy options compared to conventional energy sources. In this activity, developments of economic indices will be explored, and can be used as criteria in prioritizing development and deployment of renewable ...
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Wind energy generators sitting and sizing based on uncertain generation pricing
This paper proposes a methodology for sitting and sizing wind distributed generators (WDGs). These generators are characterised by an uncertain active power production due to the random behaviour of the wind speed. The uncertain generation directly impacts the network total generation cost and also the solution for the placement and sizing problem. So, this work takes into account this uncertain ...
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Analysis and experimental verification of a control scheme for unified power quality conditioner
Improving power quality for sensitive load by a Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) in a distributed generation system is presented in this paper. The power balance of a UPQC, consisting of back-to-back connected series and shunt Active Filters (AF), is analysed. Based on the analysis a novel control scheme is established in a 2-phase Synchronous Rotating d-q Frame (SRF). In this control ...
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How does the application of solar photovoltaic power generation keep up with the development trend?
The International Energy Agency (IEA) recently released the annual World Energy Outlook Report. All countries have fully implemented commitments of the Paris Climate Agreement . The ambassadors particularly called for increasing independent contributions at the national level ，developed a clear strategy to achieve carbon neutrality by 2030. the global installed photovoltaic capacity will reach ...
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A consolidated economic model based on a new concept of biased equilibrium
The fundamental theorems of welfare economics are not designed to represent the real world. Instead, they tell us about certain conditions under which general equilibrium will be efficient. This paper introduces a new concept 'biased equilibrium' based on information economics and consolidates neoclassical economics and institutional economics together. In the real world economy, the probability ...
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Investigation of the characteristics of the reflectivity of clouds
This paper investigates some of the reflectivity characteristics that clouds (when modelled as solid bodies) must exhibit to be compatible with observations that the reflecting surface of a cloud (i) appears almost equally bright across its face, (ii) is brightest when the cloud is opposite to the Sun but decreases in brightness as the cloud moves to other positions and (iii) increases in ...
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Vibrational and quantum chemical investigations of 4.6–dimethyldibenzothiophene
To study the characteristics of the thiophene sulphides in coals, the structures and properties of 4.6–DMDBT were investigated by using density functional theory (DFT) approach in the research, the following results can be illustrated, namely, the geometry parameters, vibration frequencies, total density of states and partial density of states, atomic charges, thermodynamics, Fukui functions, and ...
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Energy efficiency for sustainable development in Russia: renewables, new technologies and policy issues
This paper assesses possible ways to efficient energy use for sustainable development in Russia. Based on the research of the Energy Institute (EnIn), Moscow, [1,2], analysis of different studies of the power sector in Russia is provided to generalise the state of the art in energy production, distribution and consumption, and technological innovations for renewable resources utilisation. ...
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