PEM fuel cell Articles
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A PEM fuel cell temperature controller design using a thermal equivalent circuit model
In order to control a temperature in the fuel cell system, a thermal equivalent circuit model for PEM fuel cells and its control algorithms are presented. By defining temperature as a state, the energy balance model can be established so that feedback control algorithm can be directly employed. The details of the design of the thermal equivalent circuit model and its control scheme are provided ...
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Thermodynamic modelling of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell
This paper presents the thermodynamic modelling of a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell at various operating conditions through energy and exergy analyses. In addition, the correlations and equations available in literature were used to determine thermodynamic irreversibilities in the PEM fuel cell at different operating conditions such as cell temperature, pressures of anode and cathode, ...
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Mathematical model of a PEM fuel cell incorporating CO poisoning and O2 (air) bleeding
A one-dimensional mathematical model has been developed for a fully hydrated and isothermal PEM fuel cell. Mass transport in the gas flow channels, electrode backing and catalyst layers is accounted for, along with the adsorption, desorption and electro-oxidation of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Additionally, the heterogeneous catalysis of hydrogen and carbon monoxide with oxygen is included for ...
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Characterisation of two-phase flow and its impact on the performance of a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane fuel cell stack
Water management is one of the most critical issues for high-performance Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) fuel cells. A flow network model was developed to study the possibility of two-phase flow inception along the gas flow channels in the cathode side of a PEM fuel cell stack. The conventional Darcy-Weisbach equation and homogeneous flow model are used to estimate the pressure distributions ...
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Effects of some micro-level exergetic parameters of a PEMFC on the environment and sustainability
This paper deals with studying the effects of some micro-level exergetic parameters of a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) on macro-level environmental pollution and sustainability. For this purpose, various exergetic, environmental and sustainability parameters of a PEMFC are investigated based on its operating and technical conditions. Consequently, these parameters may be utilised ...
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An experimental investigation of a solar/wind 4 kW micro generation system and T–1000 1.2 kW PEM fuel cell
Hybrid system inclusive of renewable energy may be a key component for the solution of global warming, poor air quality, economic dependence, reducing–dwindling reserves of fossil fuels and also carbon tax in Australia. Firstly, this paper describes the experimental setup of wind/solar 4 kW micro generation system, examines the energy produced and various readings of monthly, weekly, daily and ...
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A comparative evaluation of palladium and platinum nanoparticles as catalysts in proton exchange membrane electrochemical cells
The goal of the present study is the development and comparative characterisation of carbon-supported and nanostructured Pd- and Pt-based electrocatalysts for hydrogen oxidation in Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) H2/O2(air) fuel cells and proton reduction in PEM water electrolysers. Catalysts have been synthesised in a solution using a combined impregnation/reduction polyol method. They have been ...
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Corrosion and contact resistance measurements of different bipolar plate material for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells
Different types of commercial stainless steels (SS316, SS310 and incoloy 800), poco graphite, composite graphite, titanium carbide, zirconium carbide and carbide base coating on aluminum substrate using thermal spray technique were evaluated as metallic bipolar plate in terms of Interfacial Contact Resistance (ICR) and corrosion resistance in a solution simulating the environment of a bipolar ...
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Commercial Demonstration of a PEM Fuel Cell for Power Generation
The chlor-alkali industry, one of the largest chemical industries in India and growing at an annual rate of 3.3%, is expected to grow along with the growing Indian economy. This MW size proton-exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell product captures hydrogen produced in the chlor-alkali industry to create on site electricity and provide plant operators up to 20% of electricity savings. The electricity ...
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An experimental investigation of a solar/wind 4 kW micro generation system and T-1000 1.2 kW PEM fuel cell
Hybrid system inclusive of renewable energy may be a key component for the solution of global warming, poor air quality, economic dependence, reducing-dwindling reserves of fossil fuels and also carbon tax in Australia. Firstly, this paper describes the experimental setup of wind/solar 4 kW micro generation system, examines the energy produced and various readings of monthly, weekly, daily and ...
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A two-stage power electronic interface for fuel cell-based power supply system
The increasing energy demands, insufficient availability of power generation and increasing global environmental problems, need alternate/green power sources. Among the different green power technologies such as wind power, photovoltaic, gas turbine and fuel cell, the fuel cell-based distributed generation is considered as one of the most promising solutions for stand-alone/grid applications due ...
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Developments in Auxiliary Power for Vehicles
Fuel cells are widely recognised as a technology of the future and as a potential replacement for the internal combustion engine in cars and other vehicles.This article looks at the potential for fuel cells to provide auxiliary power to vehicles, rather than primary motive power. Today, hydrogen-fuelled proton exchange membrane (PEM) type fuel cells, as illustrated in Figure 1, are ...
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In-situ investigation of the cathode catalysts for PEM fuel cells using differential electrochemical mass spectrometry
Differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS) involves applying a potential across an electrochemical cell and measuring the resulting current while concurrently analyzing gas products with a mass spectrometer. We used DEMS to investigate the mechanism of carbon support corrosion (CSC) in-situ at the cathode of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). The cathode exhaust gases were ...
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Coming In Out of the Cold: Hybrids Put to the Test
Untitled Document Point Roberts, WA, Delta B.C.- May 25, 2004 With gas prices reaching an all time high and not much promise of an end in sight, hybrid technology is falling under the lens of some careful scrutiny these days with investors. In a recent article in MIT’s Technology Review, author Peter Fairley estimates “though buyers would have to pay more ...
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Engineering models for fuel cell production management
Membrane electrode assemblies are the key components of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The future demand for this product could grow exponentially if key technical challenges are successfully addressed including low cost mass production and reliable customer order fulfilment. This study reports on a multidisciplinary team effort to formulate and apply engineering models for managing the ...
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Sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)-functionalised silica composite membranes for applications in proton exchange membrane fuel cells
Sulfonated Poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) and its composites are explored as potential alternatives for Nafion in fuel cell applications. In this work, we investigate the effects of the silica functionalisation route on the thermal, mechanical and structural properties of SPEEK-Silica composite membranes. We compare two different methods – direct sulfonation and ...
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Nanoporous Pt
n+–CeOxcatalyst films grown on carbon substratesDeposition of the Pt doped cerium oxide catalyst layers on carbon nanotubes and flat carbon substrates by magnetron sputtering leads to growth of solid solution films composed of nanorods oriented perpendicularly to the substrate surface forming fractal like highly porous structure. The films contain only cationic Pt2+ and Pt4+. Cerium oxide is partially reduced. The catalyst films reveal high ...
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Effect of various micro-porous layer preparation methods on the performance of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have been widely studied and discussed in the field of energy owing to their high energy efficiency and low waste emissions. A PEMFC uses hydrogen gas as a fuel, and works by causing hydrogen ions to link up with oxygen, producing liquid water as its sole by-product. The design of a PEMFC's micro-porous layer (MPL) can not only enhance cell ...
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South Africa`s fuel cell plan risks failure without support
An ambitious strategy to create fuel cell products for export will need incentives and cross-government backing to bear fruit, says Radhika Perrot. South Africa's Department of Science & Technology (DST) has been laboriously pushing for the development of hydrogen fuel-cell technology through an ambitious research and development (R&D) strategy since 2005. Fuel cells can convert the ...
By SciDev.Net
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An Ammonia-powered Fuel Cell Electric Golf Cart System
Ammonia (NH3) is a carbon-free hydrogen (H2) carrier, which enables liquid-phase H2 storage and transport under mild conditions. Although the concept of NH3-to-H2 has been frequently proposed, the practical application of NH3 as the energy source for H2 power automotive systems is rarely reported. To close the gap between NH3 supply and H2 utilization, we demonstrated an NH3-powered fuel ...
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