Nanostructured oxyspinel multilayers for novel high-efficient conversion and control
Multilayered temperature-/humidity-sensitive thick-film
p
-
i
-
p
+
structures based on spinel-type semiconducting ceramics of different chemical composition (Cu
0.1
Ni
0.1
Co
1.6
Mn
1.2
O
4
with
p
+
-type of electrical conductivity and Cu
0.1
Ni
0.8
Co
0.2
Mn
1.9
O
4
with
p
-type of electrical conductivity) and magnesium aluminate
i
-type MgAl
2
O
4
ceramics, as well as temperature-sensitive
p-p
+
and
p-p
+
-p
structures were prepared and studied. It is shown that increasing the quantity of thick-film layers (from two to three) results in the improvement of the temperature sensitivity of thick-film structures. Humidity-sensitive thick films in one-layered form possess good linear dependence of electrical resistance on relative humidity without hysteresis in the range of 40–99%. Integrated
p-i-p
+
thick-film structures are stable in time and can be successfully applied for integrated environmental sensors. In addition, anomalous proton charge-transfer processes were studied for the first time in these
p-i-p
+
multilayers as a basis for novel electrical power sources, energy conversion and storage distinguished by high functional reliability, technological reproducibility and cost-effective synthesis route. A so-called aqueous-voltaic effect was revealed as electric motion force generation caused by orientation influence of electrical fields within separate
p-i
and
i-p+
bilayers. This effect is strongly dependent on technical parameters of
p-i-p
+
nanostructure, reaching approximately 0.2 V for typical thick-film depths.
Keywords: spinel, nanostructured thick films, multilayers, energy conversion, nanotechnology.
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