lignocellulose Articles
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Unconventional Pretreatment of Lignocellulose with Low-Temperature Plasma
Abstract Lignocellulose represents a potential supply of sustainable feedstock for the production of biofuels and chemicals. There is, however, an important cost and efficiency challenge associated with the conversion of such lignocellulosics. Because its structure is complex and not prone to undergo chemical reactions very easily, chemical and mechanical pretreatments are usually necessary to be ...
By SusChem
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Optimisation of pressed pericarp fibre delignification for glucose recovery using response surface methodology
In this study, pressed pericarp fibres (PPFs) were subjected to chemical pretreatment for bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass to fermentable sugars. The effectiveness and comparison between pretreatments using acid (HCl) and alkaline (NaOH) to reduce the lignin content was studied. Alkali pretreatment showed better lignin removal than acid pretreatment. Subsequent experiments were then ...
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Comparison of response surface methodology and artificial neural network for optimum levulinic acid production from glucose, empty fruit bunch and kenaf
Levulinic acid (LA) is one of the versatile chemicals that can be produced from lignocellulosic biomass. In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) were applied to optimise LA yield from glucose, empty fruit bunch (EFB) and kenaf. The effect of process variables namely reaction temperature, reaction time and acid concentration on LA production was ...
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Thermochemical pretreatment of lignocellulose residues: assessment of the effect on operational conditions and their interactions on the characteristics of leachable fraction
Annually, large amounts of agricultural residues are produced in Chile, which can be turned into a good opportunity to diversify the energy matrix. These residues have a slow hydrolysis stage during anaerobic digestion; therefore, the application of a pretreatment seems to be an alternative to improve the process. This work focused on applying a thermochemical pretreatment with NaOH on two ...
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Anaerobic digestion of sunflower oil cake: a current overview
Due to the chemical and physical structure of a lignocellulosic biomass, its anaerobic digestion (AD) is a slow and difficult process. In this paper, the results obtained from a batch biochemical methane potential (BMP) test and fed-batch mesophilic AD assays of sunflower oil cake (SuOC) are presented. Taking into account the low digestibility shown during one-stage experiments the methane ...
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Production and characterization of lignocellulosic biomass-derived activated carbon
The goal of this work is to establish the technical feasibility of producing activated carbon from pulp mill sludges. KOH chemical activation of four lignocellulosic biomass materials, two sludges from pulp mills, one sludge for a linerboard mill, and cow manure, were investigated experimentally, with a focus on the effects of KOH/biomass ratio (1/1, 1.5/1 and 2/1), activation temperature ...
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Opportunities and challenges of transitioning to sustainable next-generation transportation biofuels
A growing desire to reduce petroleum dependence and an increasing awareness that first-generation biofuels are unlikely to provide sustainable alternatives have spurred interest in next-generation biofuels. High production costs have been central in preventing their commercial viability thus far, yet other potential obstacles remain including feedstock availability, farmer adoption of biomass ...
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Hydrogenomics of the extremely thermophilic bacterium caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus
Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus is an extremely thermophilic, gram-positive anaerobe which ferments cellulose-, hemicellulose- and pectin-containing biomass to acetate, CO2, and hydrogen. Its broad substrate range, high hydrogen-producing capacity, and ability to coutilize glucose and xylose make this bacterium an attractive candidate for microbial bioenergy production. Here, the ...
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Genetic improvement of Sorghum as a biofuel feedstock: II. QTL for stem and leaf structural carbohydrates
Digestion and fermentation of lignocellulosic biomass (i.e., structural carbohydrates) are predicted to deliver higher yields of energy per hectare than sugar and starch (nonstructural carbohydrates), yet little research on genetic variation in crop feedstock biomass traits has been conducted. We investigated the genetic basis of leaf and stem biomass yield and composition in a population derived ...
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Effect of solid-state NaOH pretreatment on methane production from thermophilic semi-dry anaerobic digestion of rose stalk
The effects of solid-state NaOH pretreatment on the efficiency of methane production from semi-dry anaerobic digestion of rose (Rosa rugosa) stalk were investigated at various NaOH loadings (0, 1, 2, and 4% (w/w)). Methane production, process stability and energy balance were analyzed. Results showed that solid-state NaOH pretreatment significantly improved biogas and methane yields of 30-day ...
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Preliminary studies of lignocellulosics and waste fuels for fixed bed gasification
This study was carried out to understand the decomposition behaviour of a range of biofuel and waste feedstock during gasification in a downdraft gasifier. A laboratory scale large sample thermogravimetric analyser (LSTA) is used which allows the data on burn-out characteristics of different fuel particles to be measured under agitated conditions. The conditions chosen simulate the combustion ...
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Assessment of hemicellulose extraction technology for bioethanol production in the emerging bioeconomy
Rising energy costs, climate change and fossil fuel consumption are driving global efforts to transition toward a sustainable 'green' bioeconomy. This pursuit of bioeconomy requires billion tons of feedstocks, development of biomass-based technologies and biorefineries under the overarching principle of sustainability. First generation ethanol has helped to effectively manage the increasing ...
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Projects on Woody Biomass to Benefit Industry Within a Few Years
Making the stuff of bio-based plastics, identifying new value chains in "forest" biorefinery, finding the perfect method for quick drying sludge or pinning down the best kind of pine for making bio-based products. These are the topics of four research projects whose instigators, all Bio4Energy researchers based in northern Sweden, were awarded grants in the latest round of funding by the Swedish ...
By Bio4Energy
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New Biobang installed in Germany
In the future, a BioBANG technology will support the substrate digestion of the Blum biogas plant in the Vulkaneifel New installation of BioBANG in Renè Blum’s biogas plant in the Vulkaneifel district of the Rhineland. BioBANG, installed in recirculation on the main digester, ensures greater digestion of the most difficult substrates. This not only increases the biogas production, ...
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Converting plant waste into biofuels
Promising advances using yeast and fungi. Written by Nancy W. Stauffer. You can read the original story in MIT News MIT researchers are genetically engineering yeast to break down stubborn plant fibers into sugars that it can then ferment — a first step toward a potentially cost-effective single-organism process for manufacturing cellulosic biofuels. The source of the genetic material: ...
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