233 Articles found
IWA Publishing Articles
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Measurements of assimilable organic carbon (AOC) in high saline conditions using P17
Biofouling caused by the deposition or growth of microorganisms on the membrane surface is one of the major concerns in nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) processes. Assimilable organic carbon (AOC) has been a useful index to assess the ...
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Solar disinfection of natural waters with modified solar concentrators
Solar water disinfection is a proven method for household purification of drinking water. Compound parabolic collectors (CPCs) have been used to enhance the inactivation rate of microorganisms. In the present study, a modified CPC with a higher ...
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Energy recovery potential using micro hydropower in water supply networks in the UK and Ireland
The supply and treatment of water is a highly energy intensive process, resulting in large amounts of greenhouse gas emissions as well as incurring large economic costs. Both governments and water service providers worldwide recognise the need for ...
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Simultaneous immobilization of ammonium and phosphate from aqueous solution using zeolites synthesized from fly ashes
Zeolites were synthesized from silica-rich (SF-Z) and calcium-rich (CF-Z) fly ashes, respectively, and their performance in immobilizing ammonium and phosphate was investigated through batch experiments. The cation exchange capacity and phosphate ...
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The impacts of climate change on a Norwegian high-head hydropower system
Hydropower is the most important renewable energy source for electricity in Norway. However, it is the most vulnerable resource to climate change. Despite the importance of hydropower and its vulnerability to climate change, many studies have been ...
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<italic>In situ</italic> gas fuel production during the treatment of textile wastewater at supercritical conditions
Supercritical water gasification has recently received much attention as a potential alternative to energy conversion methods applied to aqueous/non-aqueous biomass sources, industrial wastes or fossil fuels such as coal because of the unique ...
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Cameroon`s infrastructure : a continental perspective
Better access to improved infrastructure services is an important engine for economic growth. The poor state of infrastructure is a key bottleneck to growth in African countries, and Cameroon is no exception. Between 2000 and 2005, improvements in ...
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New approaches for medium-scale hydropower development in Vietnam : lessons from preparation of the Trung Son Hydropower Project
This paper provides an overview of the Trung Son hydropower project preparation experience and highlights the innovative features of the project, primarily focusing on the adoption of new approaches in project design and integration of social and ...
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Economic analysis of the environmental and social impacts of the Nam Theun 2 Hydroelectricity Power Project
The Nam Theun 2 Hydroelectricity Power Project (NT2), located in the Khammouane Province of central Lao`s People Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), aims to produce electricity with a generating capacity of 1,070 MW. Most of the electricity generated ...
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Trung Son hydropower project : overview and update
Trung Son is a $411.57 million medium-sized hydropower and development project located in Northwest Vietnam that will supply least-cost electric power for domestic consumption in an environmentally and socially sustainable manner and will contribute ...
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Anaerobic digestion of stillage fractions – estimation of the potential for energy recovery in bioethanol plants
Stillage processing can require more than one third of the thermal energy demand of a dry-grind bioethanol production plant. Therefore, for every stillage fraction occurring in stillage processing the potential of energy recovery by anaerobic ...
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Computer simulation of control strategies for optimal anaerobic digestion
Three previously published control strategies for anaerobic digestion were implemented in Simulink/Matlab using Anaerobic Digestion Model No. 1 (ADM1) to model the biological process. The controllers’ performance were then simulated and ...
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Analysis of the organic contaminants in the condensate produced in the <italic>in situ</italic> underground coal gasification process
Addressing the environmental risks related to contamination of groundwater with the phenolics, benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, xylene (BTEX) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which might be potentially released from the underground ...
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Developing reservoir operational decision rule by genetic programming
The reservoir operational decision rule is an equation that can balance reservoir system parameters in each period by considering previous experiences of the system. That equation includes variables such as inflow, volume storage and released ...
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The hydrolysis and biogas production of complex cellulosic substrates using three anaerobic biomass sources
In this study, the ability of various sludges to digest a diverse range of cellulose and cellulose-derived substrates was assessed at different temperatures to elucidate the factors affecting hydrolysis. For this purpose, the biogas production was ...
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Biogas desulfurization and biogas upgrading using a hybrid membrane system – modeling study
Membrane gas permeation using glassy membranes proved to be a suitable method for biogas upgrading and natural gas substitute production on account of low energy consumption and high compactness. Glassy membranes are very effective in the ...
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Fate of pathogen indicators in a domestic blend of food waste and wastewater through a two-stage anaerobic digestion system
Anaerobic digestion is a viable on-site treatment technology for rich organic waste streams such as food waste and blackwater. In contrast to large-scale municipal wastewater treatment plants which are typically located away from the community, ...
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Anaerobic digestion of sunflower oil cake: a current overview
Due to the chemical and physical structure of a lignocellulosic biomass, its anaerobic digestion (AD) is a slow and difficult process. In this paper, the results obtained from a batch biochemical methane potential (BMP) test and fed-batch ...
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Anaerobic co-digestion of sewage sludge and primary clarifier skimmings for increased biogas production
The objective of the study was to identify the impact of co-digesting clarifier skimmings on the overall methane generation from the treatment plant and additional energy value of the increased methane production. Biogas production from ...
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Use of biogas for cogeneration of heat and electricity for local application: performance evaluation of an engine power generator and a sludge thermal dryer
A small unit of cogeneration of energy and heat was tested at the Centre for Research and Training on Sanitation UFMG/COPASA – CePTS, located at the Arrudas Sewage Treatment Plant, in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The unit consisted ...