Energy Management Articles
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A necessary condition for optimum Rankine cycle power plants
Consumers pay more for electricity than necessary partly because commercial power plant operating criteria are not universally valid. Although such plants are commonly designed to provide electricity at least cost for given conditions, operating criteria lack a rigorous thermodynamic basis. The current empiricism alone costs US consumers billions of dollars per year. This dilemma exists because ...
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Thermodynamic analysis of a geothermal district heating system
Thermoeconomic analysis is considered a useful tool for investigators in engineering and other disciplines due to its methodology based on the quantities exergy, cost, energy and mass. This study deals with an investigation of capital costs and thermodynamic losses for devices in the Balcova Geothermal District Heating Systems (BGDHS). Thermodynamic loss rate-to-capital cost ratios are used for ...
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Exergy analysis of a diesel engine cycle and its performance improvement
This paper aims to evaluate available energy losses, i.e. exergy losses caused by irreversible processes in the theoretical cycle of two-stroke and four-stroke diesel engines. All exergy losses in these cycles have been divided into three categories: exergy loss in the heat receiving process which is inevitable in thermal power systems; exergy loss in the scavenging process peculiar to the ...
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Thermal exergy optimisation for an irreversible cogeneration power plant
The optimal design model, based on exergy analysis, of an irreversible cogeneration cycle has been presented using finite-time thermodynamics. The external irreversibility is due to the thermal resistance between the system and the heat reservoirs while the internal irreversibility is due to the non-isentropic compression and expansion process within the system. The internal irreversibility of ...
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Second law analysis of transient heat transfer for turbulent flow in a circular tube with baffle inserts
This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation of transient forced convective heat transfer for turbulent flow of nine circular tubes with baffle plate inserts using different pitch to tube inlet diameter ratios and baffle orientation angles in the range of Reynolds number 3000≤Re≤20000 in the case of constant heat flux. The characteristic parameters of the tubes are: pitch to ...
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An overview of R&D on fast reactor fuel cycle
The development of a closed fast reactor fuel cycle is an interdisciplinary and inter-organisational domain of great challenges which would contribute significantly to the success of the fast reactor programme. While the Fast Breeder Test Reactor at Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR), Kalpakkam uses a unique plutonium-rich mixed carbide as its driver fuel, the 500 MWe Prototype Fast ...
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Multi-component self-consistent nuclear energy system: protected plutonium production (P3)
The research activity on Protected Plutonium Production (P3) has been performed in the framework of MC-SCNES that simultaneously achieves four requirements – energy production, fuel production, burning of radioactive wastes and safety by the combination of fission, spallation and fusion neutron sources. The increase of a fraction of 238Pu provides an essential protective measure to plutonium ...
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Reprocessing of AHWR spent-fuel: challenges and strategies
Reprocessing of advanced heavy water reactor (AHWR) spent-fuel involves separation of Th, 233U and Pu, from the fission products and from one another. A proper combination of Purex and Thorex processes is required. The technology development for a reprocessing facility is extremely complex owing to high fissile content, high levels of irradiation, presence high of levels of 232U, difficulty in ...
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Pyrochemical reprocessing developments in Japan: overview and some topics
The latest developments in pyrochemical reprocessing technology in Japan is introduced in view of: the feasibility study FBR system; R&D progress; new projects and funding; basic studies in universities; new experimental facilities. Japanese pyrochemical reprocessing developments are being accelerated as new funding recently has been authorised by the government. While electrorefining of metallic ...
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Weldability study of Ti-Ta-Nb alloy and pure titanium
Weldability of Ti–4.8%Ta–1.8%Nb alloy, for use in electrolytic dissolver of nuclear fuel reprocessing plant, was evaluated in autogenous bead-on-plate gas tungsten arc welds made at two different heat inputs. Pure titanium was also welded for comparison. A secondary shielding setup was employed for protection of the weldment from gaseous contamination during and after welding. In the weld and ...
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A novel technique proposed for automatic control of small hydro power plants
A new scheme is proposed for the speed control of hydro turbines. Power can be controlled by controlling the rotary motion of the spear valve or linear motion of the sluice gate. In this paper, necessity for speed control, various function of governors, types, speed regulation of micro-hydroelectric power plants, functional block diagram of power generation and control system general models for ...
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Techno-economics of micro-hydro power plants for remote villages in Uttaranchal in India
Results of a techno-economic feasibility evaluation of some micro-hydro power (MHP) plants being planned and implemented for remote village power supply in the state of Uttaranchal in India are presented. The capital cost of MHP plants in the capacity range of 20–100 kW (including cost of local transmission and distribution system), investment requirement per unit of rated capacity, and relative ...
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Anti-islanding protection and islanding operation of grid-connected hydropower distributed generation
Salient issues associated with the connection of hydropower distributed generation (HPDG) into distribution networks include operation and voltage regulation, grid connection and control interaction, anti-islanding protection and islanding operation, and operation of protective devices. Better understanding of these issues and finding solutions to these problems are timely and important to the ...
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Reactive power control of wind-diesel-micro-hydro hybrid power systems using matlab/simulink
This paper presents reactive power control of isolated wind-diesel-micro-hydro hybrid power system for realistic load disturbance using matlab/simulink. The mathematical model of the system based on matlab/simulink is developed. Reactive power control performance is compared using three different types of Static VAR Compensators (SVC). Transient responses for step plus normally distributed or ...
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Plasma resource recovery technology –converting waste to energy and valuable products
Abstract Plasma Resource Recovery (PRR) is a revolutionary technology that can treat virtually any type of waste by combining gasification with vitrification. Vitrification produces inert slag that can be used as a construction material. Gasification produces a fuel gas containing carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2), used for cogeneration of electricity and steam. The plasma fired eductor ...
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Pemex implements Xp3 Fuel Additives to extend equipment life
Xp3 is part of their maintenance budget and operations to extend equipment life. Used on oil rig equipment and perforation equipment. Petroleos Mexicanos, which translates to Mexican Petroleums, is the Mexican state-owned petroleum company, created in 1938 by nationalized petroleum. It is the biggest enterprise in Mexico, the largest taxpayer in the country and one of the largest companies in ...
By Xp3 Canada
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Volcan uses Xp3 in Power Generators for Mining Operations
Volcan uses Xp3 in power generators and power plants for their mining operations in Peru. Volcan is a Peruvian polymetallic mining company engaged in the exploration and production of zinc, copper, gold, silver, and lead in Peru’s Sierra Central region. The company’s main operations in Peru include the Alpamarca, Animón, Cerro de Pasco, Chungar, Vinchos and Yauli mining units. ...
By Xp3 Canada
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Evolution of adiabatic availability and its depletion through irreversible processes
Adiabatic availability, a property, is defined as the largest work that can be done by a system in an adiabatic, constant mass and volume process; therefore it is a more inclusive concept that includes all other definitions of maximum work. Adiabatic availability of all systems at any state is larger than or equal to zero. Adiabatic availability of a system in thermodynamic equilibrium state is ...
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Entropy generation metric for evaluating and forecasting aircraft energy management systems
A general Entropy Generation Minimisation (EGM) technique is applied to analyse the feasibility of energy recovery from aircraft avionics via thermoelectric (TE) devices. In employing this approach, a suitable control volume definition is chosen to evaluate the impact of an energy recovery system on the overall entropy generation of the aircraft over a mission. Only those systems which are ...
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Performance of externally fired combined cycle (EFCC)
The externally fired combined cycle (EFCC) which utilises coal as the primary fuel through a gas turbine cycle is a clean coal technology. Natural gas is used as the supplementary fuel, but the ultimate goal of the EFCC concept is a coal only option. In this study, the performance of the EFCC plant is evaluated based on the first and the second laws of thermodynamics, considering various levels ...
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