Energy Management Articles
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Turning down the heat - Innovation Magazine
Although not the main contributor on a global scale, combustion by industry has been associated with localized high volume and high concentration sources of CO2 emissions. This is especially true for industries characterized by high energy consumption such as the pulp and paper, chemical, gas and petroleum, steel and mineral processing industries. In addition, the high exhaust temperatures of ...
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The Operation And Optimization of R.C.R.A. Permitted Liquid Injection Hazardous Waste Incinerators
BASF Corporation in Hannibal, MO has operated multiple liquid incinerators for more than 20 years, burning various liquid wastes on a campaign basis. The composition of these wastes range from high organic content liquids to aqueous wastes. ...
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Thermal Treatment Of Halogenated Inorganic Aqueous Waste With Energy And By-Product Recovery
This paper describes the incineration technology used to safely destroy the liquid and gaseous wastes containing inorganic salts generated by Bulk Pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries. The plants are supplied with dedicated downstream Air Pollution Control System (APC) or energy recovery where applicable. Due to the emergence of new products and increased production in Pharmaceutical and ...
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Biofuels not as green as they sound
Untitled Document EEB Position Paper on the Draft Directive on the promotion of the use of biofuels for transport and the Draft Directive amending Directive 92/81/EEC with regard to the possibility of applying a reduced rate of excise duty on certain mineral oils containing biofuels and on biofuels, COM (2001) 547 Brussels, May 2002 Although the European ...
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Continuous Monitoring System Performance Through Electronic Systems
Hazardous waste combustion facilities are already familiar with most of the recordkeeping requirements included in 40 CFR 63, Subpart EEE due to previous compliance with the Boiler and Industrial Furnace (BIF) rule. The NESHAP, however, requires semi-annual continuous monitoring system (CMS) performance reporting that was not previously required under BIF. These provisions specify numerous ...
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Air Quality Permitting for a New Coal-Fired Power Plant: A Timeline
The high price of natural gas and alternative fuels has made utility companies take a second look at coal as a cheap, plentiful fuel source. For a greenfield plant considering coal, the environmental considerations are significant but not insurmountable. This article discusses the air quality regulations and permitting requirements that must be addressed, from New Source Review to greenhouse gas ...
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Introduction to Pinch Technology
This document aims to give an overview of the fundaments of Pinch Technology. The reader will learn: How to obtain energy targets by the construction of composite curves. The three rules of the pinch principle by which energy efficient heat exchanger network designs must abide. About the capital-energy trade off for new and retrofit designs. Of the best way to make energy saving process ...
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A Structured Approach to Steam System Improvement through Utility System Design and Optimisation
Optimal operation of site utility systems is becoming an increasingly important part of any successful business strategy as environmental, legislative and commercial pressures grow. A reliable steam model allows a clear understanding of the system and of any operational constraints. It can also be used to determine the true cost of improvement projects, relating any changes in steam demand back ...
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The Methodology and Benefits of Total Site Pinch Analysis
The Methodology and Benefits of Total Site Pinch Analysis Introduction As the demands on refiners to increase profitability and reduce emissions continue, many companies are focusing on improving energy efficiency to provide attractive solutions. It is clear how improving energy efficiency can benefit in profitability by considering the cost of energy. Refinery energy costs vary greatly depending ...
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Grastorp District Heating Plant Case Study
Fuel: Wood chips and Salix. Boiler: 3.5 MW - installed ...
By Aerovit A/S
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Climate Change-Driven Market Opportunities for Combined-Cycle Gas Turbines
Combined-cycle gas turbine cogeneration technology is currently enjoying wide popularity due to a variety of technological, environmental, and financial performance advantages relative to other technologies, specifically boilers. While the environmental performance advantages of this technology have focused on emissions of regulated air pollutants, such as sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides, ...
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`Climate Change-Driven Market Opportunities for Combined-Cycle Gas Turbines,` presented at the AWMA 2001 Conference & Exhibition
Abstract Combined-cycle gas turbine cogeneration technology is currently enjoying wide popularity due to a variety of technological, environmental, and financial performance advantages relative to other technologies, specifically boilers. While the environmental performance advantages of this technology have focused on emissions of regulated air pollutants, such as sulfur oxides and nitrogen ...
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Optimizing The Operation And Material Selection For Fluorinated Waste Gas Incineration
A thermal oxidizer system is used by Honeywell Specialty Chemicals to reduce organic and acid gas emissions from their fluoro-products plant. The thermal oxidizer system consists of a multi-gas fired vortex burner mounted on a vertical residence chamber. ...
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Heat Pump Used to Drain Contaminated Sludge in a Steel Factory
Untitled Document In 1987, new regulations required that factories dispose of their contaminated water and waste themselves. Making galvanised steel wire, the Stelfil factory produces sludge contaminated with lead and zinc. Stelfil spent thousands of dollars to bury this waste and evaluated three systems to remove most of the water: a gas dryer, an induction heated screw ...
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Minimization of Major Air Pollutants from Sewage Sludge Fluid Bed Incinerators
ABSTRACT Emissions of major air pollutants including carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and mercury (Hg) were studied at two sewage sludge fluidized bed combustion (FBC) plants. Both the North West Bergen (NWB) County Utility Authority and the Little Miami (LM) plants have air pollution control systems (APCS) that are of the wet type. Various operating conditions such as ...
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Regional Health Effects of Demand-Side Energy Management Using Exposure Efficiency
Life cycle impact assessment is usually plagued by the assumptions of site independence and uniform mixing of pollutants in a compartment (e.g., atmosphere), which are not valid for all air pollutants. In this paper we propose using the concept of exposure efficiency to simplify the damage pathway analysis without compromising the consideration of site-dependent characteristics. Our case study ...
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Adaptive Reuse of Obsolete Power Plants
ABSTRACT A new world has dawned in the Electric Utility Industry because of the combined effects of deregulation, fuel costs and unit efficiencies, and changes in regulatory requirements applicable to "Grand- fathered" fossil power plants. Many electric utility companies are finding that older facilities are no longer viable as electrical generating stations in the new competitive ...
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Development of Site-wide Energy Strategies
Pinch Analysis has been applied to individual processes routinely since the early 1980s. The composite curves of the process define the minimum heating and cooling demands while the grand composite curve further illustrates how the heating and cooling is best applied, utility level by utility level. One of the many specific benefits of this technique is therefore to identify the most appropriate ...
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Improved Detection Technique for Solvent Rinse Cleanliness Verification
The NASA White Sands Test Facility (WSTF) has an ongoing effort to reduce or eliminate usage of cleaning solvents such as CFC-113 and its replacements. These solvents are used in the final clean and cleanliness verification processes for flight and ground support hardware, especially for oxygen systems where organic contaminants can pose an ignition hazard. For the final cleanliness verification ...
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The Influence of PVC on the Quantity and Hazardousness of Flue Gas Cleaning Residues from Incineration
The study estimates the influence of PVC on the quantity and hazardousness of flue gas residues from incineration. The analysis has been carried out on both theoretical and practical terms. A distinction between dry, semi-dry and wet gas treatment systems has been made. The influence of PVC has been assessed on the combustion steps and therefore on the distribution of chlorine and other ...
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