Energy Management Articles
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Development of household biogas digesters and its economic analysis in China
During the development of biogas digesters, a problem, which is how to appraise the economic benefits, always exists. This paper mainly discusses the necessity of cost-benefit analysis on biogas digesters, clearly defines some vague concepts during the analysis, tells how to quantitatively analyse the environmental benefits, and affirms the role of the government and the rural families.Keywords: ...
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Design, development and performance evaluation of latent heat storage foot warmers
In this paper, three PCM based foot warmers of cylindrical and rectangular in shape were designed, developed and fabricated to store solar energy during sunshine hours. The stored energy was utilised to warm the feet in the late evening to replace electric heaters. By trial experiment, it was found out that the surface temperature of the storage units of the foot warmer should be between ...
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Hydrogen production technology for powering civil and industrial systems: a review
Partial use of alternative energy exemplified by hydrogen energy is expected to reduce negative impacts associated with the current dependence on fossil energy and bring net gain to regional and national economies. Hydrogen has emission levels that are far below the existing and possibly, future standards. Hydrogen energy may enhance energy security and perhaps allay concerns some concerns about ...
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Recovering energy from biogas emission: the case of Mariana Mantovana landfill (Italy)
This paper deals with the analytic rating of the economic investment in an energy recovery plant for municipal waste, in relation to the estimate of its capability to exploit biogas production transformation, and sale of electricity production, and the Green Certificates. The approach entails the assessment of potential scenarios of biogas flare coming from its production forecasts, according to ...
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Evaluation of nuclear knowledge management on light water reactor, high temperature gas-cooled reactor and fusion reactor: a case study of Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI)
Within JAERI, funds invested in a 45-year study of light-water reactors (LWRs) totalled 4.2 b$ (billion dollars) for research, including human resources of 34,718 years. The benefits to taxpayers from this JAERI work were estimated to be about 6.3 b$, resulting in a favourable cost-benefit ratio of 1.5 (6.3/4.2). Funds invested in the 32-year study of high-temperature gas-cooled reactors (HTGRs) ...
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Iran's strong case for nuclear power is obscured by UN sanctions and geopolitics
Rapid growth in Iran's domestic energy demand and its dependence on oil exports for revenue has forced it to consider alternative future energy solutions. Years of inadequate investment in new infrastructure to develop oil and gas reserves may lead to a rapid decline in oil production and delays to key projects that have the potential to expand oil and gas exports over the next decade. Broad ...
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Upcoming EU electricity and gas directives should be changed to support EU`s new energy and climate policies
It is important that the coming electricity and gas market directives ensures that renewable energy is given priority in the electricity and gas networks. This is both important when the energy is sold from local producers to the network and when the network is used for transport of energy from a renewable energy production unit to its owners. It applies to both electricity and gas networks, and ...
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Background: EU electricity and gas directives
3.rd Energy Market Package, proposed September 2007 September 2007 the EU Commission proposed a revision of the electricity and gas market directives with amendmets of the directives on electricity and gas markets and the directives on cross-border trade of electricity and gas. The main changes are that all countries must have independant regulators of the electricity and gas markets, that these ...
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Pollution reduction from flares by swirl vanes in a cross-flow
The effect of swirl on the performance of a flare stack was experimentally investigated as a passive control technique for combustion in a cross-flow. The burner comprised a circular fuel nozzle with a co-annular airflow, swirled by a concentric vane swirler, with a crosswind of air at the flare tip. It was found that the flames issuing from swirl-vane flare tip were shorter and had wider flame ...
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The CBR-PNN approach to real-time voltage security assessment of power systems
This paper presents the Case-based Reasoning (CBR) technique, a novel approach to voltage security assessment of power system in a real-time environment. The Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN) is used for determining the solution to a new case, using the old cases from the case base of the CBR system. A feature selection technique based on the information gained has been employed to identify the ...
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Design, analysis and control of compensators for distribution power systems
This paper deals with the analysis, design and control of Distribution Static Compensator (DSTATCOM) for power quality improvement in an AC distribution system. Various design criteria are considered for the design of DSTATCOM for a variety of possible functions such as voltage regulation, power factor correction and load balancing. Conventional AC power capacitors are considered in conjunction ...
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Case Study - 2.0 MW Nominal Geothermal Power Plant
Lake Naivasha, Kenya – 2007 Under a contract signed in June 2006 with Oserian, Geothermal Development Associates (GDA) agreed to design, manufacture, inspect, test, pack, and ship a 2 MW nominal geothermal steam turbine generator and related power plant auxiliary components from Reno, Nevada, USA to the Oserian flower-growing facility near Lake Naivasha, Kenya. GDA will provide technical ...
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The impact of the protection scheme of converter-connected distributed generation on power system transient stability
In this paper the impact of the protection scheme of converter-connected (power electronic-interfaced) Distributed Generation (DG) on power system transient stability is investigated. Two simulation setups are used for this purpose. In the first setup, a small/simple test system is used and the converter-connected DG is modelled as a practical three-phase full-bridge Voltage Source Converter ...
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Grid interconnection of microturbine-based distributed generation system
Distributed Generation (DG) is predicted to play an important role in the electric power system in the near future. The insertion of DG systems into existing electric systems has a great impact on real-time system operation and planning. It is widely accepted that Microturbine Generation (MTG) systems are currently attracting much attention for meeting customers' needs in the ...
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Controlling the power balance in an 'empty network'
This paper presents the concept of an 'empty network' and shows how the power balance can be controlled in such a system. In this study, an 'empty network' is defined as a transmission system in which no rotating mass is present. All generators are connected to distributed systems and 'hidden' behind power electronic interfaces. One generator creates a neat 50 Hz voltage that serves as a ...
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Power conditioning of an uncontrolled micro-hydroturbine-driven induction generator for distributed generation using a battery energy storage system
Distributed Generation (DG) and its interconnection to the AC power grid is a relatively new concept. DG employs small generators, which are distributed throughout the power system. The electricity is usually generated by renewable energy sources such as wind, hydro and tidal, which are intermittent in nature. These generators connected to the AC grid may lead to severe power quality problems. ...
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European regulation of standby energy consumption: the case of LCD-TVs and TFT-monitors
This paper describes an example of a regulatory sustainability impact assessment that relates to energy saving and climate protection: recently the European Union has adopted a framework directive on requirements of the ecodesign of Energy-using Products (EuP). An implementing measure on standby energy consumption based on this directive is expected in 2008. Manufacturers of LCD-TVs and ...
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Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA) for energy attenuation factors and coupling loss factors in asymmetric periodic plates
This paper presents a Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA) to investigate the energy attenuation factors in asymmetric periodic structures. The experimental results are compared with the predicted results obtained by the SEA method. It is found that the attenuations of the base plate and rib plates were hyperbolic in shape. Analytical formulae for the energy at the respective sub-system are also ...
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Thermodynamic analysis of the living cell: design of an exergy-based method
A proper thermodynamic analysis of living-cell processes should elucidate the often-supposed sophistication of biochemical energy and material conversion, and it may provide valuable lessons on the design and operation of future technological processes. The difficulty however is to adequately account for the interaction of biochemical compounds with their complex intracellular environments, ...
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A Enlightened Approach to Budgeting and Goal Setting
Abstract Every year energy managers need to report how much energy they saved and whether or not they met their energy savings targets. Most energy managers present reports comparing their current year’s usage to energy usage from a previous year. Savings targets are typically a percentage of that previous year’s usage. Setting targets and comparing in this manner usually does not generate an ...
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