Articles
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Alternative Energy: Small Molecule Semiconductor Materials to Improve the Luminous Efficiency of OLEDs
Small molecule semiconductor building blocks have special optoelectronic properties that are different from inorganic or polymer semiconductor materials. Compared with inorganic semiconductor materials, there are many types of small-molecule semiconductor materials, and there is a lot of room for the choice of material types. Secondly, molecular synthesis and modification can be used to achieve ...
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Method for the identification of explicit polynomial formulae for the friction in turbulent pipe flow
The paper describes a new regression method for creating polynomial models. The method combines numerical and symbolic regression. Genetic programming finds the form of polynomial expressions, and least squares optimization finds the values for the constants in the expressions. The incorporation of least squares optimization within symbolic regression is made possible by a rule-based component ...
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The Operation And Optimization of R.C.R.A. Permitted Liquid Injection Hazardous Waste Incinerators
BASF Corporation in Hannibal, MO has operated multiple liquid incinerators for more than 20 years, burning various liquid wastes on a campaign basis. The composition of these wastes range from high organic content liquids to aqueous wastes. ...
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Frozen Foods Plant - Northeast U.S.
A major frozen foods plant in the Northeast United States has been producing quality frozen meals since the 1920’s. In frozen foods plants, refrigeration typically accounts for more than half of the total electric energy use. With skyrocketing energy bills, the company sought to increase the efficiency of their utility system. Company managers chose Pavilion’s Utility solution to maintain system ...
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Exergy analysis of heat transfer in a turbulent pipe flow by a decaying swirl generator
In this study, heat-transfer and pressure-drop characteristics of a decaying swirl flow in a horizontal pipe are investigated experimentally. The decaying swirl flow is produced by the insertion of swirl generators with propeller-type geometry, a kind of passive heat enhancement tools. Three different positions of the swirl generator in the axial direction are examined: at the inlet (x = 0), x = ...
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Corn stover for ethanol production: Potential and pitfalls
This study uses a national agro-environmental production model to evaluate the environmental and economic impacts of introducing a market for corn stover to support a stover-based ethanol industry. Prompted by volatility in oil markets, growing concerns about global warming, and an interest in supporting farms and rural communities through stronger agricultural markets, several groups in the ...
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Univariate stochastic model for predicting carbon monoxide on an urban roadway
This paper describes the development of the univariate time-series models for forecasting 1-h average carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations during the critical (winter) period. The CO data covering the period from 1st November to 31st December 1999, has been used for the development of Box?Jenkins models at two Air Quality Control Regions (AQCRs) – traffic intersection (AQCR1) and an arterial road ...
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Pricing mechanisms for offshore wind electricity in EU member states
The aim of the study was to evaluate the pricing mechanisms for offshore wind electricity in those EU Member States (MS) possessing an important offshore wind resource and, on this basis, to determine the economic scenario faced by potential investors in the sector. The economic and energy policy framework of each MS was reviewed to establish the main factors determining the final price accorded ...
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A new multidisciplinary team for the UK's 21st century homes
This paper discusses the reasoning behind the UK government's recent reduction in its projection for 4.4 million new homes to 3.8 million new homes to be built by 2016. Two distinct approaches by residential developers to improve the design of new homes are presented with four example projects. One project attempts to recreate village life, whilst the other three projects' ethos is to provide ...
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Energy analysis of manufacturing process of a motorcycle
Energy analysis of a production unit helps to quantify the energy consumed at different stages, thus providing estimates of energy and material wastage, if any. From the general principles of energy analysis involving mass conversion efficiencies and the energy inputs at various stages of the production process of a motorcycle producing industry, namely Honda Motorcycle and Scooter India Pvt. ...
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Omani Bedouins' readiness to accept solar thermoelectric refrigeration systems
In this work, a portable solar thermoelectric refrigerator was built in order to help Bedouin people living in remote parts of Oman. The purpose of the study was to demonstrate the feasibility of the implementation of the fabricated solar thermoelectric refrigerator. To this end, a survey questionnaire was conducted in order to evaluate the willingness of the Bedouin to buy the designed unit. ...
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Performance evaluation of a hydrogen-ethanol fuelled engine
The work presented in the paper is an attempt to evaluate the performance characteristics of a hydrogen?ethanol dual fuel combination with different percentage substitutions of hydrogen (i.e. 0-80% with an increment of 20% by volume) at three different compression ratios of 7:1, 9:1 and 11:1 with varying equivalence ratios. In the present study, experimental investigations have been carried out ...
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Entropy-energy analysis of porous stack: steady state conjugate problem
We have performed analytical and limited numerical analyses for fully developed forced convection and entropy generation in a fluid-saturated porous medium channel bounded by two parallel plates of finite thickness. The full problem is treated as a conjugate heat transfer problem. The Darcy-Brinkman momentum equation is used to model the flow through the porous media. The outer surfaces of the ...
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Optimum performance of an irreversible MHD power plant
In this work, a theoretical model to analyse the performance characteristics of a MagnetoHydroDynamic (MHD) generator power plant is presented. The external irreversibilities as well as the internal irreversibilities are taken into account in the analysis. General expressions for the power and efficiency are obtained when the MHD generator is operating at constant velocity and constant Mach ...
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Endoreversible thermodynamics approach for optimum oven operation
This paper refers to the problem of how much heat is necessary for oven operation. An endoreversible thermodynamics approach is used here. More accurate upper bounds for the oven heat gain factor are obtained than when the traditional reversible thermodynamics approach is used. The optimum operation temperatures and the oven heat gain factor depend on three parameters incorporating both design ...
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Incorporating environmental concerns into electric system expansion planning using a multi-criteria decision support system
A methodology is described for incorporating environmental externalities into electric system expansion planning. It combines a conventional least-cost optimisation tool, an environmental model, and a multi-criteria interval decision analysis system. The methodology can be used to analyse trade-offs between technical, economic, and environmental concerns. A case study in support of an ...
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Development of equilibrium thermodynamic models for studying technical and environmental problems in energy
Mathematical models based on the concepts of classical equilibrium thermodynamics are discussed. The models are intended for comprehensive thermodynamic analysis of various industrial and natural processes. Unlike traditional models, these allow one to view an attainable region of partial equlibria with regard to constraints on kinetics, energy and mass exchange and to determine the thermodynamic ...
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Optimal environmental benefits of utilising alternative energy technologies in Jordan
With rapid population growth and increase in industrial activities, more energy is consumed, resulting in environmental pollution and economic difficulties. Therefore, the need for utilising renewable energy resources has emerged. Although Jordan does not have adequate fuel supplies (90% of its crude oil is imported), it is gifted with alternative resources. Because of the political and ...
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Licensing the next generation of reactors in the USA: recent experience, key issues and challenges
Over the past 20 years, the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) has spent much effort on revising its procedures for reviewing nuclear power plant designs. Earlier procedures, instituted by the NRC's predecessor, the Atomic Energy Commission, permitted the resolution of important safety and environmental issues to be delayed until construction was underway. Moreover, the principal means of ...
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Did energy cause this mess?
Much of today’s economic debate boils down to these questions: How did we get in this mess? And how do we get out? Two recent studies implicate the energy industry as a cause and a solution. While our economic tumble is clearly linked to an inflated housing market and overly-hedged financial products, we cannot discount pressure from high energy prices. In fact, 10 out of the 11 U.S. recessions ...
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