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Closed Loop Geothermal

Articles & Whitepapers
  • A Cleaner Energy Future

    A Cleaner Energy Future

    As renewable energy plays an increasingly important role in the world’s energy portfolio, the standards of ASTM International Committee E44 are helping to pave the way for innovation in clean energy sources. A growing population and improving living standards around the world are causing significant increases in energy demand and competition for fossil fuels. These escalating energy ...

Equipment & Solutions
  • Closed Loop Geothermal Systems
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    Closed Loop Geothermal Systems

    Closed loop systems do not extract groundwater from the heat reservoir (formed by layers of soil and rock). In these systems the ground collector takes the form of a loop of pipework in intimate contact with the heat reservoir through which a heat transfer fluid is circulated. As the heat transfer fluid travels through the ground collector it gains or loses energy from the reservoir. This heat ...

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