Power Distribution Articles
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Regional electricity price differences due to intermittent wind power in Germany: impact of extended transmission and storage capacities
A fast growth of installed wind power capacity has been experienced in several European countries. In Germany, notably high wind power capacities are planned in the North. If the existing transmission capacities between individual regions become insufficient, the electricity prices will differ considerably and the system operation can become unstable. It is supposed that the extension of ...
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Planning of the grid integration of wind energy in Germany onshore and offshore up to the year 2020
The ongoing penetration of large amounts of wind power capacities in Germany has strong impacts on the necessary promotion volumes (direct costs of Renewable Energy Source (RES) promotion) but also on necessary grid extensions, the future need for regulating and reserve power capacities, the thermal power plant system and the electricity price for end-consumers (indirect effects). On behalf of ...
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Control of the regimes of the electric power systems and deregulation
This paper presents a survey of characteristics, balances, stabilities, reliability and regimes of Electric Power Systems (EPS) and Interconnected Electric Power Systems (IEPS). They are the most complicated and important 'machines' that have ever been created by humankind. Introduction of deregulation in the EPS will require and impose new systems, new algorithms and new rules for control. EPS ...
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Modelling of DSTATCOM for distribution system
This paper deals with the simulation of distribution static synchronous compensator (DSTATCOM) for improving power quality of a distribution system feeding linear as well as non-linear loads. Nowadays, there are an increasing number of non-linear loads which inject harmonics into the system. A three-phase insulated gate bipolar transistor- (IGBT-)based current controlled voltage source inverter ...
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Power quality issues and power electronics
Harmonics in the distribution network have become an area of keen interest for utilities, power consumers and academic researchers due to its potentially disruptive impact on economy. This interest has lead to the development of a large number of standards that contain the problems as well as technological solutions to meet the specifications of the standards. In this paper, we discuss the ...
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An introduction to reactive power compensation for wind farms
The paper summarises the refereed contributions of seven articles reviewed for publication in the IJETP – Special Issue on "Reactive compensation for wind farms". The main goal of the special issue is to provide a forum to exchange information on the reactive power compensation requirements for wind farms and introducing possible price mechanisms for today's deregulated power industry. ...
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Reactive capability limits of wind farms
Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS) technology can be classified into two main types: fixed speed and variable speed. Fixed speed WECS use an induction generator connected directly to the grid while variable speed WECS use a power converter to connect the generator to the grid. Fixed speed WECS require shunt capacitors for reactive power compensation, while variable speed WECS have reactive ...
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Reactive power compensation of wind energy conversion system by using Unified Power Flow Controller
Voltage control and reactive power compensation in a distribution network with embedded Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) represents the main concern of this paper. The WECS is a fixed speed/constant frequency system that is equipped with an induction generator driven by an unregulated wind turbine. The problem is viewed from short-term (10 seconds), mid-term (10 minutes) and long-term (48 ...
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Reactive power compensation strategies for wind generation in distribution systems: a power quality approach
This paper studies the impact on the voltage profile of wind energy based generators connected to distribution power systems. Voltage fluctuations arise in distribution levels including noncontrollable primary energy sources because of their corresponding active power injection variations. A number of reactive power strategies have been analysed and compared focusing on the voltage fluctuation ...
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Analysis and experimental verification of a control scheme for unified power quality conditioner
Improving power quality for sensitive load by a Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) in a distributed generation system is presented in this paper. The power balance of a UPQC, consisting of back-to-back connected series and shunt Active Filters (AF), is analysed. Based on the analysis a novel control scheme is established in a 2-phase Synchronous Rotating d-q Frame (SRF). In this control ...
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Anti-islanding protection and islanding operation of grid-connected hydropower distributed generation
Salient issues associated with the connection of hydropower distributed generation (HPDG) into distribution networks include operation and voltage regulation, grid connection and control interaction, anti-islanding protection and islanding operation, and operation of protective devices. Better understanding of these issues and finding solutions to these problems are timely and important to the ...
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Distribution sector reforms in India: the tasks ahead
The distribution sector is the focus of the ongoing power reforms in India, mainly due to its key role in realising the sales proceeds and, therefore, in ensuring the financial viability of the entire power sector. This paper details some of the problems plaguing the distribution sector and spells an overview of the various efforts and the reform measures initiated by the government of India to ...
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The isoengine: realisation of a high-efficiency power cycle based on isothermal compression
A novel high-efficiency internal combustion engine for power generation and direct-drive applications is being developed. Distillate-fuelled power plants in units of 7 MW electrical output are predicted to reach a net electrical efficiency of 60%. An efficiency of 58% is targeted for the gas-fired version. This compares with a net electrical efficiency of about 45% for advanced reciprocating ...
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Supplier strategies and responses to institutional drivers for an emerging energy technology
This paper investigates the role of suppliers of a new energy technology, when the market for that technology continues to be in a state of flux, and is characterised by continued regulatory and institutional developments. This paper first summarises the institutional drivers resulting in the widely divergent diffusion of distributed generation (DG) based on natural gas engines in the Netherlands ...
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On limits for wind power generation
The amount of wind power in the world increases fast. The background for this development is improved technology, decreased costs for the units and an increased concern of the environmental problems of competing technologies such as fossil fuels. For the future, it is now interesting to evaluate where the limits are for wind power generation, and which points are crucial. Since there is no power ...
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Evaluation of utilisation opportunities of geothermal energy in the Kavala region, Greece, using exergy analysis
Greece has a lot of geothermal energy fields. Due to legal inefficiencies, the exploitation of this renewable energy source remains at very low levels. In this work, the operation of a cogeneration (hot water and electricity) geothermal plant that could be built in Eratino, Greece, is analysed. The research on the development of a low enthalpy geothermal field is investigated as a very essential ...
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The institutional co-evolution in diffusion of hydroelectric power technology
The introduction and significant momentum on diffusion of wind power as a new technology for energy production involve a push for changing the institutional framework in the energy sector. The introduction of hydro (electric) power technology and the following institutional change process may be compared to the introduction of wind power 90 years later. In this paper, the main focus is on the ...
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Investigation of the characteristics of the reflectivity of clouds
This paper investigates some of the reflectivity characteristics that clouds (when modelled as solid bodies) must exhibit to be compatible with observations that the reflecting surface of a cloud (i) appears almost equally bright across its face, (ii) is brightest when the cloud is opposite to the Sun but decreases in brightness as the cloud moves to other positions and (iii) increases in ...
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A reduced switch count UPF power conditioner for grid connected variable speed wind energy conversion system employing PM generators: a simulation study
In this paper, modelling and simulation of a grid connected variable speed wind energy conversion system (VSWECS) with reduced switch count power converter is presented. The system consists of a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG), two pulse width modulated B-4 power converters and a maximum power point tracker (MPPT). Mathematical models of each element of the system are developed ...
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Artificial neural network based models for forecasting electricity generation of grid connected solar PV power plant
This paper presents an artificial neural network (ANN) approach for forecasting the performance of electric energy generated output from a working 25-kWp grid connected solar PV system and a 100-kWp grid connected PV system installed at Minicoy Island of Union Territory of Lakshadweep Islands. The ANN interpolates among the solar PV generation output and relevant parameters such as solar ...
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