Department of Urban and Regional PlanningAustralian gas reserves as a percent of totalBrowse Basin, 18.4Bonaparte Basin, 17.9Rest of Australia, 5.5Carnarvon Basin, 58.1Department of Urban and Regional PlanningClimate change and EIA in WA• Single guidance policy on minimising GHG emissions• Requires a management plan to address– Inventory GHG emissions– Specify GHG reducton measures/technology– Set targets for reducton– Consider carbon sequestraton • ofset through re-vegetaton, or • Carbon Capture & Storage through geological and chemical means• Difficult to do much else in absence of State and Natonal policy• No adaptaton policyDepartment of Urban and Regional PlanningPerformance• 45 proposals since 2002 EPA considered raised CC issues• Mitgaton– Coal fired power statons and stages – 6;– Gas fired power statons (all or part of project) 15;– LNG proposals – reservoir gas – 4;– Other high energy using projects – 11;– Coal gasificton – 1;– NOx – 1;– SEA of future power uses – 1• Adaptaton– Future water supply (groundwater) – 1– Audit of existng groundwater supply - 1– SEA of forest management plans 2– SEA for fire management plans 2Department of Urban and Regional PlanningConditons • Mitgatons– Most had requirement for GHG mitgaton management plan without ofsets or CCS;– 2 coal fired power statons were required to be CCS ready– 1 LNG plant has to ofset (biological) reservoir CO2;– 1 LNG plant has to do CCS;– 2 desalinaton plants (high energy using) to use wind power (part of grid).Department of Urban and Regional PlanningCCS LNG proposal - Gorgon• $50 billion• 12% gas reservoir CO2 • 6% of WA’s total GHG• Barrow Island A class nature reserve• Oil extracton from Island since 1960s• Ideal for CO2 storage• Total cost $2 billionDepartment of Urban and Regional PlanningSEA of future power supplies• Stated preference for power supplies– conservaton and efficiency improvements;– renewable energy sources – gas, including combined cycle, turbines; – new technology coal plants; – old technology coal plants; and – petroleum fuel plants.• Individual projects– fuel source with higher GHG intensity (coal) implement “appropriate measures to mitgate GHG emissions”Department of Urban and Regional PlanningConditons• Adaptaton– Proposed groundwater supply• Noted reduced water recharge due to CC• Monitor impacts and adaptve management,– Audit of existng groundwater supply• Noted reduced water recharge due to CC• Advised current use not sustainable– Forestry management plans• Concern for drying climate, rising temperature on yields and biodiversity– Fire management plans• Concern about changing rainfall, but uncertain about response, more researchDepartment of Urban and Regional PlanningMajor weaknesses of EIA and CC• Mitgaton raised but response minimal• Adaptaton raised selectvely – response generally more research• Adaptaton for urban areas– Coastal setback for sea level rise (acute and chronic)– Inland storm surgesDepartment of Urban and Regional PlanningEIAs on urban developments with adaptaton implicatons• 24 since 2002 – none mentoned CC adaptaton• Coastal sea level rise and erosion– 5 coastal developments– 1 coastal large lot subdivision – 5 Marinas– 1 island tourist development– 2 coastal tourism (mainland)– 1 major coastal stability works• Inland low lying area subject to storm surge– 7 residental (one for over 90,000 people)– 1 SEA for drainage in whole of Perth• Both coastal and inland inundaton issues– 1 major SEA (Bunbury)Department of Urban and Regional PlanningConclusions• EIA in WA considers mitgaton for major GHG producing projects – minimise GHG emission• Limited because of weak Natonal and State policy framework• Adaptaton less well done– Water futures a start– Forest and fire management – uncertain & more research– Urban adaptaton – absent• Also reflects weak Natonal and State policy framework• In short – EIA in WA waitng natonal response– Reasonable for mitgaton?

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