TC 2 Scope Brochure

6 / 9 SMB/4873/R SMB/4873/R STRATEGIC BUSINESS PLAN (SBP) IEC/TC or SC 2 Secretariat United Kingdom Date June 2012 Please ensure this form is annexed to the Report to the Standardization Management Board if it has been prepared during a meeting, or sent to the Central Office promptly after its contents have been agreed by the committee. Title of TC Rotating Machinery A Background TC 2 was the first product committee of IEC. Initially named 'Advisory Committee No.2 – Specification of electrical machines', it covered both rotating machines and transformers. In 1939, the Committee of Action agreed to the proposal that Section B of Advisory Committee 2, which dealt with transformers, should be known as Advisory Committee 14 and Advisory Committee 2 from that date was limited to rotating machines. TC 2's standards portfolio is both large and mature, with approximately 50 publications. Much of the current work programme is devoted to the maintenance of these publications. The portfolio includes those standards, which originally were developed by the former sub-committees of TC 2. The present scope of TC 2 is to prepare International Standards and Technical Specifications for rotating electrical machines without limitations of voltage, output or dimensions with the exception of the following: - Traction motors within the scope of TC 9: Electric railway equipment; - Motors and generators within the scope of TC 69: Electric road vehicles and electric industrial trucks; - Motors and generators for use in cars and commercial vehicles; - Motors and generators for use in aeronautics or space applications. Formal liaisons exist within IEC with SC22G, TC25, SC17B, TC 31 and TC112. Formal liaisons exist within ISO with TC70, TC108/SC2 and TC108/SC5. B Business Environment B.1 General Rotating electrical machines are the subject of International trade, which relies on a comprehensive portfolio of International Standards against which machines can be purchased, manufactured, tested and inspected. The low failure rate of machines in service provides objective evidence of the success of TC 2 in this area. B.2 Market demand As more than 99% of all electricity worldwide is generated in rotating electrical machines and as more than 50% of all electricity worldwide is converted back into mechanical energy by electrical motors, there is, seen in medium term, a continuously high market demand for both, motors and ® 7 / 9 SMB/4873/R generators. Especially during the last years, the demand for rotating electrical machines has grown at approximately 10% per year except for a steep decrease in the last financial and economic crisis and a steep increase in the years 2010 and 2011 back and exceeding the values prior to the crisis. The increasing importance to use energy more efficiently leads to laws, regulations and a market demand for electrical motors with premium efficiency and to an increasing percentage of variable speed applications for electrical machines. B.3 Trends in technology The market for DC continues to shrink slightly because many of them were replaced by converter fed AC motors. The fast moving technology of converter drives has to be reflected in the current revision of TS IEC 60034-25 dealing with machines supplied from frequency converters. The effect of repetitive voltage spikes of short rise-time generated by converters on insulation systems is dealt with by MT 10 in the current revision of IEC 60034-18-41 for insulation systems with random wound windings and the lately developed IEC 60034-18-42 for insulation systems with form-wound windings. Measurement of the dissipation factor was the only reliable method to detect voids of the insulation of h.v. windings for a long period of time. Meanwhile, the state of the art allows also the measurement of partial discharges and opens the possibility to localize weak points of the insulation system. WG 29 developed IEC 60034-27, a procedure for off-line measurements of the stator winding insulation, and as second part IEC 60034-27-2 for on-line measurements.. B.4 Market trends As mentioned above, the most significant market trend is driven by the economical or legal need to save energy. Developed until 2009, IEC 60034-30 defines efficiency classes for three-phase induction motors, thus harmonising the national definitions that had developed in the past. The revision of this publication will include basically all types of A.C. machines into its scope and extend the IE code to IE4. The IE code scheme, which has been developed in the first edition of IEC 60034-30, has found wide resonance and will be adapted e. g. by TC 22 for frequency converters and complete PDS as well. Edition 12 of IEC 60034-1 reflects the increasing importance of energy efficiency as well, as it requires to include efficiency class and efficiency on the nameplate. In order to give further guidance to the users of rotating electrical machines, WG31 develops currently IEC 60034-31TS 'Guide for the selection and application of energy-efficient motors including variable-speed applications'. As an increasing no. of motors are used in variable speed applications, WG28 has almost finished to develop IEC 60034-2-3 'Methods for determining losses and efficiency from tests for converter fed machines'. Besides legal requirements, the market is significantly influenced by the extremely volatile price for rare earth permanent magnets (PM). On the one hand, PM machines have by principle better efficiency and torque density than electrically excited synchronous machines or induction motors. On the other high efficiency values can be achieved by electrically excited synchronous machines or induction machines as well in case more active material (i. e. copper and iron) is used. The consequence is that the market price for PM material has a high impact on the economically preferable motor technology and thus the size and weight of electrical machines. B.5 Ecological environment The design of rotating electrical machines has traditionally been one of conservatism because of the high customer expectations that the purchased machine will enjoy a long life in service. It is however becoming important to consider the overall design of the machine, particularly with regard to increase efficiency, reduction of noise emission and reduction of the amount of materials used. Similarly, the effect on the environment of gases generated by impregnation and insulation materials during fabrication and refurbishing has to be considered. 8 / 9 SMB/4873/R As mentioned above, TC 2 contributed to the growing importance of high-efficiency motors by setting up WG 31 to create IEC 60034-30 defining efficiency classes of three-phase cage induction motors and IEC 60034-31TS giving guidance for the selection of energy efficient motors including variable speed applications. All working groups and maintenance teams of TC 2 are asked, when drafting documents, to address relevant requirements covering the complete lifecycle of the equipment or installation including manufacturing, supply, all aspects of use within the scope, and disposal. C System approach aspects As rotating electrical machines, the subject of TC 2, are mainly a component to be used in systems, TC 2 seeks close cooperation with bodies like SC 22G being responsible for the respective systems. Standards and Technical Specifications like IEC/TS 60034-17, IEC/TS 60034-25, IEC/TS 60034-18-41 or IEC/TS 60034-18-42 reflect the influence of the PDS on the rotating electrical machine and define the requirements resulting from the PDS for the design of the machine. In detail, in TC 2's focus are namely Committees that use standards produced by TC2 IEC TC22/SC22G Semiconductor power converters for adjustable speed electric drive systems IEC TC 31 Equipment for Explosive Atmospheres ISO TC 70 Internal Combustion Engines ISO TC 108/SC 5 Condition monitoring and diagnostics of electrical equipment Committees that produce standards used by TC2 IEC TC22/SC22G Semiconductor power converters for adjustable speed electric drive systems IEC TC 112 Evaluation and qualification of electrical insulating materials and systems ISO TC 108/SC 2 Mechanical vibration and shock Other committees that produce standards similar to TC2 to be in liaison with for technical consistency IEC SC17B Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear IEC TC25 Letter Symbols Besides the exchange of documents, liaison officers have been appointed for these committees, who actively participate in their work and report to TC2. The very close cooperation in the most important liaison with TC22 / SC22G is underlined by the fact that the chairman of TC22 serves as expert in TC2 MT9 and liaison officer for TC2. 9 / 9 SMB/4873/R TC2 will actively continue to promote the establishment of liaisons to other committees. On the field of energy efficiency, especially a close link with TC65 is of increasing importance. A joint project team has been founded with active participation of TC2 experts. In addition, a new liaison has been established with TC31 with the aim to ease the input of TC31's requirements into the further development of TC2's standards and to avoid double work. D Objectives and strategies (3 to 5 years) The main activity of TC 2 will be the maintenance of its publication portfolio taking into consideration new developments and market trends. Increased activities are to be expected in the field of converter supplied motors of all sizes. In particular, the interface problems between the converter and motor require further intensive research to improve understanding of the effect on the motors caused by the rapid progress of converter technology (as well as semiconductor components and control methods). This field covers problems of performance (pulsating torques, losses etc.), environmental effects (noise emission) and operational reliability (bearing currents, winding stress etc.). The outcome of new projects on the side of SC 22G like IEC 61800-8 defining the voltage stress at the motor terminals of PDS will have to be considered in the next editions of IEC/TS 60034-25, IEC/TS 60034-18-41 and IEC/TS 60034-18-42. In addition, the increasing importance of energy efficiency will require activities in defining methods for determining the efficiency of variable speed drive systems and perhaps efficiency classes. Even if a complex subject like this cannot be handled by TC 2 only, TC 2 will provide all necessary support for projects related to this. Moreover, the demand to increase efficiency will affect other standards than those mentioned above as well. E. g. high efficiency induction motors will have to increase in size compared to today's motors, and will thus have higher starting currents and noise emission, so that it must be checked and discussed whether the limits given in the respective standards need to be adjusted. E Action plan Most important are: 1. Update existing standards on insulation systems to new requirements, i.e. finish the maintenance of IEC 60034-18 series of standards (Target date: 2013) 2. Include standardisation requirements for brushless permanent magnet, as have been identified by WG12, into the next editions of IEC 60034-1, -2-1, -30, and 60072-1 (Target date: 2015) 3. Update old standards on brushes, brushholders and sliprings by the new MT14 (Target date 2015) 4. Update technical specifications on motors fed by variable frequency converters with close reference to new IEC 61800-8 (Target date 2014) 5. Develop new standard for the measurement of vibrations at the winding overhang of large electric machines, especially turbo generators by new WG32 (Target date 2015) F Useful links to IEC web site TC 2 dashboard giving access to Membership, TC/SC Officers, Scope, Liaisons, WG/MT/PT structure, Publications issued and Work and Maintenance Programmes and similar information for SCs, if any. Name or signature of the secretary Nick Bradfield