Applied Physics - Lithium Metal Battery
US Department of Energy claims EV must reduce the battery cost to <$100 kWh without increasing weight to be competitive with ICE vehicles. Currently in discussions with global battery manufacturer and end users. Exploring potential partnering and / or licensing opportunities. Lithium metal batteries use a lithium metal foil in place of lithium intercalation compounds (e.g. graphite) in the anode. By using graphene in lithium metal batteries, G3 is able to solve all of these problems with its batteries, encompassing the below properties:
- Lithium-ion batteries are currently used in the electric vehicles being produced today
Current EV batteries are:
- Fire and Explosion-Prone
- Expensive ($150 - $175 / kWh)
- Low Specific Energy (150 – 250 Wh/kg, cell level)
- Slow to Charge (2 – 7 hours)
- Large and Heavy
(Prevents dendrite formation; thus preventing fires and dead lithium particles)
- Dendrites form on traditional lithium metal batteries, causing internal shorting and interfacial instability to fire hazards and isolated, inactive lithium particles
- Addition of graphene composite-based protection layer on the lithium metal foil surface
- Can be applied to all rechargeable batteries with a lithium metal anode (e.g. all solid-state lithium batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries and lithium-air batteries)
(Performance of a liquid with safety of a solid, significantly reduces fire risk)
- Solid state batteries use a solid electrolyte to replace the liquid electrolyte and are regarded as safer than current liquid electrolytes being used
- However, they have not been perfected yet
- G3 implementation of Fireshield™ electrolyte has the safety of the solid state
(High energy density batteries at low cost)
- Using advanced cathode materials such as NMC811 or sulfur improves the energy density greatly above the current
- Lithium-sulfur and lithium-selenium batteries could be improved to have >350 Wh/kg cell level, or an 85% improvement over current battery KPI
- Able to keep cost
(5 – 15 minutes)
- Ability to address all issues with recharging traditional lithium batteries
- Able to keep charging rate constant at low ambient temperatures, preventing lithium-plating at high charging rates and improving lithium ion diffusion rates in the anode and cathode