hydrogen energy Articles
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The hydrogen materials community: its history and current status in the World Hydrogen Movement
This review briefly summarises the history of the hydrogen materials community as an important part of the World Hydrogen Movement. It analysis the history and current status of the interrelation between the Hydrogen Energy (HE) and Hydrogen Materials (HM) communities. During the last 15 years, great advances in this cooperation have come about, thanks to the thorough activities of the Permanent ...
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Hydrogen civilisation concept: historical and all-planetary aspects
This paper discusses the novel Hydrogen Civilisation (HyCi) concept of the International Association for Hydrogen Energy. The HyCi concept states that at this demanding period in history, humanity still has the ability to save the biosphere and make the continuation of the human race possible. This objective can be achieved only by way of all-planetary cooperation along the direction of the ...
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Hydrogen Market in APAC
Hydrogen as a clean and green energy resource has attracted extensive attention to hydrogen research and application worldwide. Recently, APAC’s countries, like Australia, Japan, Korea, China, have issued some new policies to support hydrogen development, and even some of those put the development of hydrogen energy at a strategic level. This report mainly introduces the development and ...
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Hydrogen energy for the transportation sector in China
Hydrogen is a promising energy carrier for providing a clean, reliable and affordable energy supply. This paper provides a blueprint for the hydrogen energy in the transportation sector in the future of China. This paper is divided into three parts. The first part answers this question: why is China interested in hydrogen energy? The second part describes the possibility of a hydrogen fuel cell ...
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Memorandum on a novel IAHE conception of a hydrogen civilisation of the future: historical aspects and the new challenges of the present day
This memorandum states: We, scientists, engineers, experts, industrialists – representatives of 28 countries, participants of the 5th International IAHE Conference 'Hydrogen Economy and Hydrogen Treatment of Materials, HTM-2007' (21?25 May 2007, Donetsk, Ukraine), representatives of the older and younger generations of the World Hydrogen Movement, taking into account that: the global energy and ...
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A combined graph theory and analytic hierarchy process approach for multicriteria evaluation of hydrogen energy systems
Hydrogen is a renewable energy source and has the potential to mitigate the green house gas effect and to meet the increasing global electricity demand. In the present study, a multicriteria methodology is developed by combining graph theory and analytic hierarchy process methods for the evaluation and selection of hydrogen energy systems. The hydrogen energy system alternatives are assessed ...
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Hydrogen production technology for powering civil and industrial systems: a review
Partial use of alternative energy exemplified by hydrogen energy is expected to reduce negative impacts associated with the current dependence on fossil energy and bring net gain to regional and national economies. Hydrogen has emission levels that are far below the existing and possibly, future standards. Hydrogen energy may enhance energy security and perhaps allay concerns some concerns about ...
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Exergetic efficiency of a PEM electrolyser at various operating temperatures and pressures
This paper presents a comprehensive exergy analysis on a large scale 12,900kW PEM electrolyser at various operating temperatures and pressures. Calculations of physical exergy, mass flow rates and exergetic efficiency are performed at temperatures (T/To) and pressures (P/Po) ranging from 1 to 1.4 and 1 to 10, respectively. The results showed that at 1 atm (P/Po=1), the exergetic efficiency of an ...
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The possibilities for hydrogen production from H2S and storage in the Black Sea
The Black Sea, a highly isolated inland sea, is the largest anoxic zone in the world. Since the hydrogen sulphide (H2S) zone was discovered in the early 19th century in the Black Sea, it has been accepted that there is no life in the depths of the Black Sea and only bacteria live in the H2S layer. A high content of organic matter, with maximum processes of bacterial sulphate reduction, is the ...
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Technological transitions and Strategic Niche Management: the case of the hydrogen economy
There is considerable interest in the prospects for a large-scale transition to hydrogen as an energy source. This paper assesses these prospects through consideration of technological transition theory and especially the likelihood of hydrogen use becoming widespread through Strategic Niche Management (SNM). The paper shows that current niches show few signs of the characteristics that are ...
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China must be encouraged to develop hydrogen energy and fuel cell technology using domestic resources
This paper describes the current situation in China and the reasons for the rapidly increasing consumption of oil and the consequent search for new sources. Some suggestions are made for the rapid development and commercialisation of hydrogen energy systems in China using domestic resources. China could satisfy the energy demand with her domestic resources of renewable energies and depending on ...
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Evaluation of nuclear knowledge management on light water reactor, high temperature gas-cooled reactor and fusion reactor: a case study of Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI)
Within JAERI, funds invested in a 45-year study of light-water reactors (LWRs) totalled 4.2 b$ (billion dollars) for research, including human resources of 34,718 years. The benefits to taxpayers from this JAERI work were estimated to be about 6.3 b$, resulting in a favourable cost-benefit ratio of 1.5 (6.3/4.2). Funds invested in the 32-year study of high-temperature gas-cooled reactors (HTGRs) ...
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Combating global warming via non-fossil fuel energy options
Non-fossil fuel energy options can help reduce or eliminate the emissions of greenhouse gases and are needed to combat climate change. Three distinct ways in which non-fossil fuel options can be used in society are examined here: the capture/production of non-fossil fuel energy sources, their conversion into appropriate energy carriers and increased efficiency throughout the life cycle. ...
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A global clean fossil scenario
In this article, a so-called Clean Fossil Scenario (CFS) [1], valid for the year 2050, based on a bottom-up demand analysis, is described. It is proposed to mitigate the rise of atmospheric CO2 concentrations by disposing of the CO2 in deep sea and in other reservoirs to limit its liberation to the air. The scenario is clean, because emissions to the environment are reduced drastically compared ...
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The preparation characteristics of hydrogen permselective membranes for higher performance in nuclear hydrogen production
The thermochemical water-splitting method has been proposed as a clean method for hydrogen production. The IS (iodine–sulphur) process is one of the thermochemical water-splitting processes. The silica membrane to apply in membrane reactor for the HI decomposition reaction improvement of the IS process was prepared by sol-gel and thermal CVD (chemical vapour deposition) methods. In the prepared ...
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The sulphur–iodine and other thermochemical process studies at CEA
The thermochemical sulphur–iodine process is studied by CEA with the objective of massive hydrogen production using the heat coming from a high temperature reactor. A two-fold programme was set up in 2000. The main part is devoted to the study of the basic process, including optimisation of a detailed flow-sheet, thermodynamics measurements and industrial plant evaluation. In parallel, an ...
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Designing a sustainable hydrogen energy economy
A general vision of a sustainable energy economy relying substantially on hydrogen produced from renewables is sketched as a potential solution to the twin global crises of climate change and depleting oil reserves. Core differences between this 'sustainable hydrogen economy' (SHE) and the original hydrogen economy (HE) proposed in the early 1970s are discussed. In transport, rather than posing a ...
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Scenarios for the role of hydrogen in a future energy system based on renewable energy
An all-renewable energy system for a group of North European countries is investigated by temporal simulation of the demand-supply matching for various system configurations. The role of hydrogen technologies for energy storage and fuel cell applications is studied and applied to both stationary and transportation sectors. It is shown that there is scope for considerable amounts of energy trade ...
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The US Department of Energy research and development programme on hydrogen production using nuclear energy
As part of the Hydrogen Fuel Initiative proposed by President George W. Bush in 2003, the Nuclear Hydrogen Initiative is developing technologies to provide large amounts of hydrogen without pollution or greenhouse gases. The Nuclear Hydrogen Initiative is a research and development programme within the Department of Energy's Office of Nuclear Energy, Science and Technology that is using a series ...
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Combined fuel cell?gas turbine plant for highly efficient power generation from renewable energy sources
The impact of renewable energy sources on today's energy supply substantiates the importance of hydrogen as an energy carrier. Hydrogen can be directly produced from solar energy and is considered a promising technology for temporary storage of electrical energy from wind turbines and photovoltaic systems. The generation of electrical energy from stored hydrogen requires highly efficient systems ...
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